QUANTITATIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF REACTIONS OF DIFFERENT LINKS OF RENAL ARTERIES OF WHITE RATS DEPENDING ON THE DURATION OF GENERAL DEHYDRATION
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11603/1811-2471.2024.v.i4.15030Keywords:
dehydration, kidneys, arteries, renal corpusclesAbstract
Summary. With a water deficit in the body, there is a violation of the water-electrolyte balance, which can significantly affect the overall homeostasis. At the same time, in the kidneys, changes from the side of the blood stream come to the fore.
The aim – to give a quantitative description of the structural changes in the components of the renal parenchyma and in the blood stream of the kidneys of white rats at different degrees of general dehydration.
Material and Methods. Experiments were conducted on 30 white rats. General dehydration was simulated by feeding dry oats without access to water for 3, 6, and 10 days (general dehydration of mild, moderate, and severe degrees, respectively). Morphometric studies included the determination of the area of the glomerulus with the Shumlyansky-Bowman capsule, the area of the capillary loops of the glomerulus, the area of the urinary space in the renal corpuscle, as well as determination of the indicator of the functional activity of the arterial walls – the Wagenvoort index.
Results. With a mild degree of general dehydration, the arterial vascular bed reacts with a slight decrease in the permeability of the arcuate arteries and a slightly larger one in the interlobular arteries. At the same time, the interlobular arteries remain indifferent.
At an average degree of general dehydration, the interlobular arteries continue to reduce their capacity, and the arcuate arteries change constrictor responses to dilatational ones, which become even more characteristic for the interlobular arteries. All these changes continue to progress and become most pronounced during the 10-day period without water, that is, with severe dehydration.
Identified vascular reactions directly affect the state of renal corpuscles with the corresponding restructuring of their structural components and changes in quantitative characteristics. There is a pronounced tendency to decrease the area of the glomeruli with the Shumlyansky-Bowman capsule with a simultaneous parallel progressive decrease in the area of the capillary loops of the glomeruli. The latter leads to a reliable increase in the area of the urinary spaces at all degrees of simulated dehydration.
Conclusions. Thus, general dehydration leads to reorganization of the blood vessels of the kidneys, the nature and intensity of which depends on the degree of dehydration and determines the degree of reorganization of the renal corpuscles, which consists in a progressive decrease in the area of the corpuscles and their capillary glomeruli with a simultaneous increase in the area of the urinary spaces.
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