MORPHOFUNCTIONAL FEATURES OF THE ANTERIOR ABDOMINAL WALL AFTER LIPOSUCTION AND ABDOMINOPLASTY IN AN EXPERIMENT
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11603/1811-2471.2024.v.i2.14730Keywords:
liposuction, abdominoplasty, hydroxyproline, experiment, aesthetic defects of the anterior abdominal wallAbstract
Summary. According to the forecasts, the annual increase in the prevalence of obesity in Ukraine will be 1.6 % by 2035. One of its consequences that cannot be eliminated by lifestyle changes are aesthetic defects of the anterior abdominal wall. Randomized, comparative, prospective trials of correction of these complications in humans are very rare, expensive, and have many ethical problems. Experimental models characterized by stability, reproducibility, diversity of the spectrum of possible studies and their informativeness can be a way to solve this situation, which allows to achieve a significant understanding of changes and methods of influence of various methods of correction.
The aim – to study the morphofunctional features of the anterior abdominal wall after liposuction and abdominoplasty in an experiment and to evaluate biochemical markers under such conditions.
Materials and Methods. To achieve the final goal, a three-stage experiment was planned, which involved simulation of alimentary obesity, liposuction, abdominoplasty and various methods of their combination, as well as the collection of biological material (tissues of the anterior abdominal wall and blood of experimental animals) and its subsequent morphological and biochemical study.
Results. After the completion of the first stage, 100 % of experimental animals were found to be obese. The result of surgical interventions performed at the 2nd stage was a statistically significant decrease in abdominal circumference in all groups. An increased level of hydroxyproline content was also found in all experimental groups at all postoperative times. The dermal-hypodermal layers of the skin of the anterior abdominal wall on the 3rd day after the simultaneous performance of liposuction and abdominoplasty are represented by multiple thin fibrils of collagen fibers and diffusely scattered bundles of them. Numerous spindle-shaped elongated fibroblasts with appendages are well observed. On the 6th day, the structure of the dermis is observed with a clear visualization of blood vessels that form loops and nets. In the hypodermis, adipocytes are not observed, swollen stratified connective tissue fibers, fibroblasts and diffuse infiltration by lymphocytes. On the 12th day, the hypodermis is permeated with numerous blood vessels and strands of thin connective tissue fibers.
Conclusions. 1. The proposed models have demonstrated effectiveness for the experimental study of liposuction and abdominoplasty. 2. Correlation of the results of morphological and biochemical research allows us to state that an increase in the content of hydroxyproline is an indicator of enhanced collagen metabolism and can serve as a marker of healing processes in the postoperative period. 3. Despite the fact that the simultaneous performance of liposuction and abdominoplasty in the experiment is accompanied by the greatest traumatization of tissues, this combination makes it possible to achieve the best morphologically confirmed recovery of the anterior abdominal wall of experimental animals.
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