PATHOGENETIC ASPECTS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF CHANGES IN THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM IN PATIENTS WITH COVID-19 AGAINST TYPE II DIABETES
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11603/1811-2471.2024.v.i1.14492Keywords:
COVID-19, diabetes, cardiovascular pathology, electrocardiogramAbstract
The relevance of the chosen topic is beyond doubt, since the incidence of diabetes and cardiovascular pathology occupy the leading places in the structure of morbidity in Ukraine and in the world, and the COVID-19 pandemic has worsened the prognosis for such patients. The purpose of our work was to analyze the domestic and foreign experience in studying the mutual effects of changes that occur in the cardiovascular system in type 2 diabetes with of COVID-19, as well as to analyze the results of the electrocardiogram of hospitalized patients with respiratory syndromes caused by SARS-CoV-2 in comorbidities with pathology of the cardiovascular system and type 2 diabetes.
Materials and methods. The literature review was performed using databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, and real-time resources (eg, reports of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine, WHO). The medical histories of 39 patients with type 2 diabetes who were hospitalized for a complicated course of COVID-19 were analyzed. The analysis was performed in comparison with 14 patients who were hospitalized for a similar pathology, but did not suffer from diabetes.
The results. Patients with type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease have a higher susceptibility to complications when infected with SARS-CoV-2 than those who suffer from only one of these pathologies. The results of the ECG analysis in patients with type 2 diabetes revealed blockade of one of the legs of the bundle of His, sinus bradycardia and extrasystole twice as often as in patients without diabetes. Signs of ventricular hypertrophy (20.5% vs. 7.14%), diffuse changes in the myocardium, and heart attacks of various localization were registered in them three times more often, which was not the case in patients without type 2 diabetes. In general, the number of patients with a normal ECG in the experimental group was 30.81%, in the control group - 42.86%, despite the fact that the pathology of the cardiovascular system was also dominant in the control group.
Conclusions. Patients with diabetes mellitus, when infected with COVID-19, have a higher risk of developing cardiovascular changes, which are roughly reflected on the ECG and require a more detailed study of the functional state of the cardiovascular system using laboratory and instrumental diagnostic methods.
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