THE LEVEL OF TRANSFORMING GROWTH FACTOR-β1 IN PATIENTS WITH BRONCHIAL ASTHMA IN RELATION TO BODY MASS INDEX AND AGE OF ONSET
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11603/1811-2471.2023.v.i4.14302Keywords:
bronchial asthma, obesity, transforming growth factor-β1, course, controlAbstract
SUMMARY. The study of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) in bronchial asthma (BA) is essential due to its role as a pleiotropic and multifunctional growth factor, regulating immune reactions that lead to fibrosis.
The aim – to determine TGF-β1 levels in BA patients, considering BMI, age of onset, clinical and functional characteristics.
Material and Methods. 553 patients with BA were examined. The control group included 95 healthy individuals with no history of asthma, allergies, or atopy in their personal or family records. All participants in the study signed an consent form prior to their participation, indicating their prior informed consent. To determine the content of TGF-β1, depending on BMI, patients were divided into three groups: Group I consisted of 152 patients with normal body weight (NBW), II – 206 overweight patients, III – 195 – with obesity. For the analysis, two groups were formed depending on the age of onset: 1st group included 271 patients with early-onset asthma (including 100 obese patients), 2nd group – 282 late-onset patients (95 with obesity).
Results. A significantly higher level of TGF-β1 was found in patients with BA with different body mass compared to controls; in the presence of obesity compared to that with patients with NBW; in patients with early BA with NBW, overweight and obesity compared to patients with late BA. The level of TGF-β1 was significantly higher in patients with early and late BA with obesity and a severe course compared to non-severe ones, and in patients with early BA with obesity and a severe course, it was 1.9 times higher than the similar indicator in patients with late BA with obesity and severe course
Conclusions. As the duration and severity of BA increased, the level of TGF-β1 also rose in patients. Additionally, patients with early-onset BA had higher levels of this biomarker than those with late-onset. This suggests that TGF-β1 could play an important role in studying airway remodeling among this group of patients, taking into account their age of onset.
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