MICROBIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE MUCOUS MEMBRANE OF THE ORAL CAVITY OF PATIENTS WITH APHTHOUS STOMATITIS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11603/1811-2471.2023.v.i3.14086Keywords:
stomatitis, opportunistic bacteria, yeast-like fungiAbstract
SUMMARY. Aphthous stomatitis is the most common pathology of the mucous membrane of the oral cavity, and chronic recurrent aphthous stomatitis is its most frequent variant. The microbial factor plays an important role in the development of stomatitis.
The aim – to study of the features of the microbiome of the oral mucosa of patients with aphthous stomatitis.
Material and Methods. The paper presents the results of studies of the species and quantitative composition of the microflora of the oral mucosa of 101 patients with aphthous stomatitis. The researched material was sown by the semi-quantitative cup method on Columbia agar with 5 % lamb blood and Saburo agar with dextrose (GRASO biotech, Poland). The composition of the microflora of the contents of aphthae was studied in comparison with intact areas of the mucous membrane.
Results. It was established that the microbial load of eroded areas of the mucous membrane is statistically significantly higher than that of intact areas. The colonization density of the bottom of the aphthae was approximately 2 lg CFU/ml higher than that of intact loci. Representatives of the genera Streptococcus and Neisseria were isolated from all the studied subjects. In 34.7 % of the examined patients, in addition to the two groups of symbiotic microorganisms in the oral cavity that are dominant in the contents of aphthae, conditionally pathogenic bacteria were found. Studies of the species composition of the microbiota of the bottom of the aphthae did not allow establishing any signs of the specificity of the microbial lesion.
Conclusions. The development of aphthous stomatitis is accompanied by changes in the microbiocenosis of the mucous membrane of the oral cavity, which are manifested, first of all, in an increase in the density of colonization of the affected loci by autochthonous microflora. Violations of the qualitative and quantitative composition of the microbiome are most pronounced in cases of chronic recurrent course of the disease. In about a third of cases, opportunistic pathogens are involved in the damage of the mucous membrane, among which yeast-like fungi of the genus Candida are of primary importance.
References
Lu, M., Xuan, S., & Wang, Z. (2019). Oral microbiota: A new view of body health. Food Science and Human Wellness, 8, 8-15. DOI: 10.1016/j.fshw.2018.12.001. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fshw.2018.12.001
Relvas, M., Regueira-Iglesias, A., Balsa-Castro, C., Salazar, F., Pacheco, J. J., Cabral, C., Henriques, C., & Tomás, I. (2021). Relationship between dental and periodontal health status and the salivary microbiome: bacterial diversity, co-occurrence networks and predictive models. Scientific reports, 11(1), 929. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-79875-x. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-79875-x
Melnyk, A.L., Dovha, H.YE., Khrystyan, H.YE., Radchenko, O.O., Povolokina, I.V. & Kazmirchuk, V.V. (2015). Intehralna kharakterystyka infektsiyno-zapalnykh zakhvoryuvan porozhnyny rota [Integral characteristics of infectious and inflammatory diseases of the oral cavity]. Klinichna ta eksperymentalna patolohiya – Clinical and experimental pathology, 1, 215-220 [in Ukrainian].
Zhachko, N.I., Nespryadko-Monborn T.S., Skrypnyk I.L. & Zhachko, M.S. (2021). Vidnovlennya zdorovya porozhnyny rota yak odyn z vahomykh faktoriv pidvyshchennya yakosti zhyttya [Restoring the health of the oral cavity as one of the important factors in improving the quality of life]. Suchasna stomatolohiya – Modern Dentistry, 1, 78–81 [in Ukrainian]. DOI: https://doi.org/10.33295/1992-576X-2021-1-78
Lokota, YU.YE., Paliychuk I.V., Kutsyk, R.V. & Paliychuk, V.I (2021). Vplyv ozonu, henerovanoho impulsnym zminnym elektrychnym strumom, na zhyttyezdatinst predstavnykiv mikrofloryrotovoyi porozhnyny, prychetnykh do rozvytku proteznoho stomatytu [The effect of ozone generated by pulsed alternating electric current on the viability of representatives of the microflora oral cavity involved in the development of prosthetic stomatitis]. Suchasna stomatolohiya – Modern Dentistry, 3, 66-74. DOI: https://doi.org/10.33295/1992-576X-2021-3-66
Liu, Y., He, M., Yin, T., Zheng, Z., Fang, C., & Peng, S. (2022). Prevalence of recurrent aphthous stomatitis, oral submucosal fibrosis and oral leukoplakia in doctor/nurse and police officer population. BMC oral health, 22(1), 353. DOI: 10.1186/s12903-022-02382-0. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-022-02382-0
Sukmanska, H.D. & Kryzhanovska, A.V. (2022). Osoblyvosti perebihu khronichnoho retsydyvuyuchoho aftoznoho stomatytu pislya perenesenoyi COVID-19-infektsiyi [Peculiarities of the course of chronic recurrent aphthous stomatitis after sustained COVID-19 infection]. Visnyk problem biolohiyi ta medytsyny –Bulletin of Problems of Biology and Medicine, 1, 208-213 [in Ukrainian]. DOI: https://doi.org/10.29254/2077-4214-2022-1-163-208-213
Shelkovaya, N.H., & Prokopets, V.P. (2008). Metodyka kilkisnoho doslidzhennya vmistu bakteriy u klinichnykh materialakh, shcho vidibrani za dopomohoyu vatnoho tamponu [The method of quantitative research of the content of bacteria in clinical materials selected by a cotton swab]. Zbirnyk naukovykh prats' spivrobitnykiv NMAPO – Collection of scientific works of NMAPE employers, 17, 2, 698-702 [in Ukrainian].
Şenel, S. (2021). An Overview of Physical, Microbiological and Immune Barriers of Oral Mucosa. International journal of molecular sciences, 22(15), 7821. DOI: 10.3390/ijms22157821. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22157821
Radaic, A., & Kapila, Y.L. (2021). The oralome and its dysbiosis: New insights into oral microbiome-host interactions. Computational and structural biotechnology journal, 19, 1335-1360. DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2021.02.010. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csbj.2021.02.010
Bartnicka, D., Gonzalez-Gonzalez, M., Sykut, J., Koziel, J., Ciaston, I., Adamowicz, K., … & Rapala-Kozik, M. (2020). Candida albicans Shields the Periodontal Killer Porphyromonas gingivalis from Recognition by the Host Immune System and Supports the Bacterial Infection of Gingival Tissue. International journal of molecular sciences, 21(6), 1984. DOI: 10.3390/ijms21061984. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21061984
Nouraei, H., Jahromi, M. G., Jahromi, L. R., Zomorodian, K., & Pakshir, K. (2021). Potential Pathogenicity of Candida Species Isolated from Oral Cavity of Patients with Diabetes Mellitus. BioMed research international, 2021. DOI: 10.1155/2021/9982744. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/9982744
