ANALYSIS OF ENDOTOXEMIA INDICATORS IN PATIENS WITH LIVER CIRRHOSIS AND METABOLIC SYNDROME AND GUT DYSBIOSIS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11603/1811-2471.2023.v.i3.13966Keywords:
liver cirrhosis, endotoxemia, metabolic syndrome, gut dysbiosisAbstract
SUMMARY. The role of metabolic syndrome and gut dysbiosis in the development and progression of endotoxemia in liver cirrhosis has been established.
The aim – to investigate specific indicators of endotoxemia and its imbalance in patients with liver cirrhosis and gut dysbiosis in the presence of metabolic syndrome.
Material and Methods. 101 patients with liver cirrhosis of various etiologies were examined. The diagnosis was verified based on anamnestic, clinical, and laboratory (biochemical, serological) data, serum markers of hepatitis B and C viruses, ultrasound examination of the liver using standardized methods approved by the Ministry of Health of Ukraine.
Results. Analysis of endotoxemia indicators in patients with liver cirrhosis of different etiologies revealed a probable increase in marker levels in all etiological groups. Women with alcoholic cirrhosis had a more pronounced level of IEIE compared to men. A probable increase in endotoxemia markers was observed during decompensation of liver cirrhosis. Analysis of endotoxemia markers in patients with liver cirrhosis and metabolic syndrome showed a probable increase in all indicators in the metabolic syndrome group compared to the cirrhosis group.
Conclusions. Patients with liver cirrhosis and dysbiosis exhibit pronounced endotoxemia. The level of IEIE was 2.3 times higher than the control, MMP1 was 1.7 times higher, MMP2 was 2.0 times higher (p<0.05), indicating pronounced manifestations of endotoxemia in liver cirrhosis. The level of endotoxemia markers was significantly higher in patients with liver cirrhosis and metabolic syndrome, leading to exacerbation of fibrogenesis processes.
References
Radu, F., Potcovaru, C.-G., Salmen, T., Filip, P.V., Pop, C., & Fierbințeanu-Braticievici, C. (2023). The Link between NAFLD and Metabolic Syndrome. Diagnostics, 13, 614. DOI: 3390/diagnostics13040614.
Acharya, C., & Bajaj, J.S. (2019). Altered Microbiome in Patients with Cirrhosis and Complications. Clin. Gastroenterol. Hepatol., 17, 307-321. DOI: 10.1016/j.cgh.2018.08.008.
Fan, Y., & Pedersen, O. (2020). Gut microbiota in human metabolic health and disease. Nat. Rev. Microbiol., 19, 55-71. DOI: 10.1038/s41579-020-0433-9.
Durack, J., & Lynch, S.V. (2019). The gut microbiome: Relationships with disease and opportunities for therapy. J. Exp. Med., 216, 20-40. DOI: 10.1084/jem.20180448.
Grundy, S.M., Cleeman, J.I., Daniels, S.R., Donato, K.A., Eckel, R.H., & Franklin, B.A. (2005). Diagnosis and management of the metabolic syndrome: An American Heart Association/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute scientific statement. Circulation, 112, 2735-2752.
Hagström, H. (2021). Etiologies and outcomes of cirrhosis in a large contemporary cohort. Scand. J. Gastroenterol., 56, 727-732. DOI: 10.1080/00365521.2021.1912167.
Wang, R., Tang, R., Li, B., Ma, X,; Schnabl, B., & Tilg, H. (2021). Gut microbiome, liver immunology, and liver diseases. Cell Mol. Immunol., 18(1), 1-14. DOI: 10.1038/s41423-020-00592-6.
Lee, N.Y., & Suk, K.T. (2021). The Role of the Gut Microbiome in Liver Cirrhosis Treatment. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 22, 199. DOI: 10.3390/ijms22010199.
Yankovsky, D.S., Shirobokov, V.P., & Dyment, G.S. (2018). Mikrobiom u fiziolohiyi lyudyny [Microbiome in human physiology]. Infektsiyni khvoroby – Infectious diseases, 3(93), 5-17. DOI: 10.11603/1681-2727.2018.3.9407 [in Ukrainian].
Integrative, H. M., Proctor, P., & Creasy, H. H. (2019). The Integrative Human Microbiome Project. Nature., 569(7758), 641-648. DOI: 10.1038/s41586-019-1238-8.
