RESEARCH OF THE COGNITIVE SPHERE IN PATIENTS WITH DIFFERENT TYPES OF ENCEPHALOPATHIES
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11603/1811-2471.2023.v.i2.13895Keywords:
cognitive impairment, post-traumatic encephalopathy, chronic alcohol-induced encephalopathy, post-infectious encephalopathy, chronic ischemia of the brain, MoCAAbstract
SUMMARY. Cognitive impairment, as a dominant factor in socio-psychological disability of patients, may depend on a combination of etiological, structural and morphological factors of encephalopathy, as well as numerous characteristics of the patient: age, sex, anthropometric indicators, duration of the disease, general clinical data, level of education and profession.
The aim – to study the features of cognitive disorders in the most common types of encephalopathies.
Material and Methods. A comprehensive examination of 520 patients was carried out, of which the number of patients with PTE was 145, with SVD – 145, with AE –102 and PIE –128. Gender, age, catamnesis, level of education, presence or absence of concomitant pathologies were taken into account. A clinical and neurological examination, the Montreal Cognitive Assessment, and statistical methods (Statistica 10.0) were used.
Results. The result of the MoCA test in the examined subjects was as follows: in patients with PTE – (23.99±2.40) points, in patients with SVD – (21.26±4.06) points, in AE – (21.74±4.24) points, with PIE – (23.48±3.33) points. Cognitive disorders at the level of mild degree were established in patients of all studied groups. At the same time, statistically significant differences were found between the groups of patients with PTE and SVD and AE; SVD and PIE; AE and PIE. Mild cognitive impairment was found in 68.28 % of patients with PTE, 72.41 % with SVD, 66.67 % of patients with AE, and 53.13 % of patients with PIE. Moderate deficiency was found in 3.45 % of patients with PTE, 8.28 % with SVD, 12.75 % with AE, and 6.25 % with PIE. Expressed cognitive impairment occurred only in 1.38 % with SVD and 0.98 % with AE. At the same time, statistically significant differences in cognitive impairment were found between patients with PTE compared to all other groups and patients with PIE compared to other groups of patients.
Conclusions. Cognitive impairments occurred in all types of encephalopathies: in 82.07 % of patients with SVD, 80.39 % – with AE, 71.72 % – with PTE, 59.37 % – with PIE, and were mainly manifested by mild cognitive deficits. At the same time, statistically significant differences were established between groups of patients with PTE and SVD and AE; SVD and PIE; AE and PIE. No reliable influence of gender, age, and catamnesis factor on the severity of cognitive manifestations was established. However, a probable influence of the catamnesis factor was established in patients with PTE (c2=13.44; p=0.037).
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