ASSESSMENT OF THE QUALITY OF LIFE OF DIABETES PATIENTS USING TELEREHABILITATION
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11603/1811-2471.2023.v.i1.13717Keywords:
diabetes mellitus, telerehabilitation, quality of lifeAbstract
SUMMARY. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a common disease that creates a major medical and social problem due to its chronic course, complications and deterioration of patients' quality of life.
The aim – assessment of the impact of telerehabilitation on quality of life in patients with diabetes after inpatient treatment.
Material and Methods. 41 patients with type 2 DM were examined. After the inpatient phase, the patients continued treatment at the outpatient phase and were prescribed medical treatment of type 2 DM according to the protocol, aerobic exercises and Buerger–Allen exercises to strengthen the lower extremities. All patients were asked to keep a self-monitoring diary. By randomization, patients were divided into 2 groups: control group (CG) – 20 patients who independently performed and monitored physical activity; 21 patients of the experimental group (EG) were additionally monitored for effectiveness and performance of exercises using a telerehabilitation program for 1 month.
Physical activity was determined using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). Quality of life was assessed using the EQ-5D-3L questionnaire before treatment, 1 and 6 months after treatment.
Results. According to the IPAQ questionnaire, physical activity (FA) was low (less than 17 points) in patients with DM before treatment, and after applying the proposed physical therapy methods, FA in CG remained low, and in EG it increased to an average level (up to 20 points). Positive changes in quality of life were noted in all studied patients 1 month after the use of physical therapy methods. However, the use of telerehabilitation in patients with type 2 DM contributes to significantly positive dynamics of quality of life indicators and prolongs the duration of the clinical effect up to 6 months, which was not observed in patients with CG (p<0.05). This is evidenced by the reliable positive dynamics of subjective symptoms of EG compared to CG, such as usual daily activity (3 times, p<0.05), reduction in the frequency of discomfort and pain (3.2 times, p<0.05) , as well as a decrease in anxiety and depression (by 6.3 times, p<0.05).
Conclusions. The use of telerehabilitation in the complex treatment of patients with type 2 DM contributes to the improvement of the quality of life of patients for a long period.
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