MORPHOLOGICAL CHANGES IN EXPERIMENTAL GINGIVITIS WITH HYPOERGIC COURSE OF THE INFLAMMATORY PROCESS

Abstract

The aim – to investigate the morphological changes of periodontal tissues in experimental gingivitis with a hypoergic course of the inflammatory process.

Material and Methods. Histological examination was performed on the alveolar process with teeth and periodontal tissues of intact rats and rats with experimental gingivitis. Sections 6–7 μm thick were made, which were stained with hematoxylin and eosin.

Results. The morphological picture of gingivitis in the hypoergic group was characterized not only by inflammatory changes, at the same time dystrophic and regenerative processes develop. There is a pronounced acanthosis with enlargement of the epidermal processes, which is most likely the result of slowing maturation and differentiation of epitheliocytes due to the mitostatic action of cyclophosphamide.

This is confirmed by the small number of mitoses in the cells of the basal layer. In the epithelium of the interdental papillae are often cystic formations with elements of keratinization inside.

There was parakeratosis – a violation of the keratinization process when the granular layer is almost absent, and in the horny cells with pyknotic rod-shaped nuclei are identified.

Conclusions. Morphological studies have shown that in experimental gingivitis without changes in the reactivity of the organism there were destructive changes in the epithelial and connective tissue layers of the gingival mucosa; edema, leukocyte infiltration in the connective tissue layer, compacted granular and spinous layers of the epithelium.

The peculiarity of the inflammatory process in the gums during its hypoergic course was leukocyte infiltration of both epithelium and subepithelial tissues, the appearance of acanthosis, with an increase in epidermal processes, and parakeratosis.