THE EFFECT OF ANTIBIOTIC THERAPY ON THE MICROBIOME OF VARIOUS BIOTOPES IN THE PATIENTS WITH DIABETES MELLITUS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11603/1811-2471.2021.v.i2.12206Keywords:
diabetes mellitus, antibiotic resistance, antibiotics, microbiocenosisAbstract
According to WHO, antibiotic resistance is one of the 10 greatest health threats facing humanity.
The aim – is to analyze the literature sources of recent years on the prevalence of antibiotic resistance in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) with various infectious complications.
Material and Methods. There were analyzed the studies of this disease, that were published in leading international medical and microbiological journals, as well as Internet resources.
Results. Abuse and overuse of antibacterial drugs are the main reasons for the development of resistance to pathogens. This is especially true for people with diabetes, as they have a large number of comorbidities, as well as many chronic complications and often require the use of antibiotics, which causes antibiotic resistance. It was found that patients with diabetes have certain traits of the microflora during diseases of the respiratory tract, skin, genitourinary system, oral cavity. There was shown high resistance of microorganisms to antibacterial drugs, which reduces the effectiveness of treatment. It was noted that the patients with type 2 diabetes significantly increase the risk of genitourinary tract infections. E. coli has been shown to be the most common uropathogen in patients with diabetes, followed by coagulase-negative staphylococci. All isolated bacteria were resistant to ampicillin but sensitive to nitrofurantoin. Gram-negative isolates showed a high level of resistance to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole in 81.8 %, gentamicin in 72.7 % and ceftriaxone in 63.6 % of patients. Gram-positive bacteria showed resistance to penicillin in 87.5 %, norfloxacin in 62.5 % and ciprofloxacin in 50.0 % of patients.
Conclusions. Therefore, the antibiotic therapy in patients with diabetes should be carried out with regard to the sensitivity of the pathogen. A deeper understanding of the response of the microbiocenosis on the action of antibiotics will form new approaches to the treatment of patients with diabetes.
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