CHRONIC BRAIN ISCHEMIA: SOME FEATURES OF BLOOD LEUCOCYTIC APOPTOSIS PROCESSES, OXIDATIVE STRESS AND MITOCHONDRIAL DIFFUSION

Abstract

The study of indicators of early and late apoptosis, oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction, elucidation of their connection with cognitive disorders contributes to the improvement of diagnostic approaches and optimization of disease prognosis.

The aim  –  to research the indicators of early and late apoptosis, oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction in patients with CBI in combination with HC.

Material and Methods. A comprehensive examination of 140 patients with CBI and HC was carried out. We took into account the localization of HC, the data of the Montreal cognitive test. Studies of apoptosis, mitochondrial dysfunction, intracellular oxidative stress were performed by cytofluorimetric method using a flow cytofluorimeter EpicsXL (Beckman Coulter, USA). The data of computed tomography of the brain were evaluated, followed by the determination of morphometric parameters and indices. For statistical processing of the results, we used Microsoft Excel 2011 and Statistica programs.

Results. It was found that in patients with CBI and HC significantly (p<0.05) higher content of leukocytes in the stage of apoptosis and necrosis and leukocytes with high content of intracellular AFO and with reduced mitochondrial potential compared to patients without HC. There was a significantly higher percentage of cells in the stage of early apoptosis, AFO⁺- and Mito⁺-cells in moderate and severe HC in comparison with patients with mild HC (p<0.001). Significantly different values of the content of ANV⁺-, AFO⁺cells (p<0.001) in patients of groups 1A and 1B in relation to patients of group 1B (p<0.001), especially in group 1A of patients with predominant enlargement of the anterior horns of the BV (20.84±0.54) %.

The content of cells in the stage of apoptosis in groups 1 and 2 was (18.35±1.12) % and (14.49±0.59) %, respectively, in the stage of necrosis (1.40±0.09) % and (1.14±0.10) %, AFO⁺ cells (20.50±1.41) % and (16.94±1.29) %, Mito⁺ cells (8.63±0.23) and (10.19±0.20) %. Significantly higher indicators of ANV⁺-, PI⁺-, AFO⁺- and Mito⁺-cells in case of the presence of HC (p<0.05).

Conclusions. The relationship between morphometric parameters, which indicate subcortical and cortical cerebral atrophy, the severity of cognitive deficits, the form of HC depending on the markers of early and late apoptosis.