DYNAMICS OF ACTIVITY OF LIPID PEROXIDATION PROCESSES IN THE SPLEEN UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF ACUTE BLOOD LOSS, COMPLICATED BY ISCHEMIA-REPERFUSION OF THE LIMB AND ITS CORRECTION WITH CARBACETAM

Abstract

SUMMARY. The use of a tourniquet in conditions of massive external bleeding is the main means of rescuing wounded and injured in conditions of injuries of the main vessels of the extremities with a safe period of up to two hours. At the same time, it has been proven that two-hour complete ischemia-reperfusion of the limb causes activation of lipid peroxidation (LPO) processes in the internal organs, which in the conditions of acute blood loss contributes to the development of multiple organ failure. However, under conditions of acute blood loss complicated by ischemia-reperfusion of the limb, the intensity of LPO has not been studied in the spleen.

The aim – to determine the effect of acute blood loss complicated by limb ischemia-reperfusion on the activity of LPO processes in the spleen and to evaluate the corrective efficacy of carbacetam.

Material and Methods. 108 nonlinear male rats weighing 200–220 g were used in the experiments. All experiments were performed under thiopental-sodium anesthesia. In animals, limb ischemia-reperfusion and acute blood loss were simulated and these lesions were combined. In a separate group, the detected disorders were corrected with carbacetam. After 1 and 2 hours, as well as after 1, 7 and 14 days in the spleen of experimental animals, the content of diene conjugates (DC) and the content of reagents to thiobarbituric acid (TBA-active products of LPO) were determined.

Results. It was established that under conditions of ischemia-reperfusion of the limb, acute blood loss and their combination there is an increase in lipid peroxidation in the spleen, which is manifested by an increase in the content of DC and TBA-active products of LPO. The general pattern of intensification of LPO in the spleen is to reach the maximum level in 1 day, followed by a decrease. An additional complication of acute blood loss by limb ischemia-reperfusion is accompanied by a significantly greater increase in the intensity of LPO in the spleen, compared with their individual simulation. Under the conditions of carbacetam correction in animals with acute blood loss complicated by ischemia-reperfusion of the limb, the activity of lipid peroxidation processes in the spleen decreased, which after 7 and 14 days was manifested by a significantly lower content of the studied LPO. Thus, carbacetam has a systemic antioxidant effect, which puts it in a number of promising ways to reduce the manifestations of oxidative disorders in the internal organs in conditions of acute blood loss complicated by ischemia-reperfusion of the limb, and prevention of poly-organ failure.

Conclusions. Limb ischemia-reperfusion enhances lipid peroxidation processes in the spleen due to acute blood loss, accompanied by a statistically significant increase in DC content after 2 h and 14 days of the experiment and TBA-active LPO products – after 1, 7 and 14 days compared to animals, which simulated only acute blood loss. The use of carbacetam at a dose of 5 mg · kg-1 intraperitoneally has a pronounced antioxidant effect and after 7 and 14 days promotes less growth in the spleen of DC and TBA-active products of LPO.