MODERN FEATURES OF CLINICAL PHENOMENOLOGY OF THE PRIMARY EPISODE OF BIPOLAR AFFECTIVE DISORDER
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11603/1811-2471.2019.v.i4.10807Keywords:
bipolar affective disorder, primary episode, clinical phenomenologyAbstract
Problem of bipolar affective disorder is one of the actual problems in modern psychiatry.
The aim of the study – to investigate the clinical phenomenology of the primary episode of bipolar affective disorder, taking into account the gender factor and the clinical variant of the BAD debut.
Material and Methods. The primary episode course features of BAD on the basis of clinical examination data of 153 patients was analyzed.
Results and Discussion. It was found that the depressive and mixed variants of PE BAD debut had a sudden onset (84.1 % of men and 72.0 % of women, 83.3 % of men and 80.0 % of women accordingly); and the manic – gradual (66.7 % of men and 62.5 % of women). In the structure of the depressive variant of PE BAD dominated low mood (40.9 % and 54.7 %), less frequent manifestations of irritability (25.0 % and 25.3 %), decreased emotions (13.6 % and 18.7 %) and emotional lability (15.9 % and 12.0 %). In the manic variant, the most common symptoms were hyperthymia (in all patients), euphoria (86.7 % and 25.0 %, p <0.01) and irritability (66.7 % and 62.5 %); less often – emotional lability (40.0 % and 25.0 %), sensitivity (0.0 % and 12.5 %). The mixed type of the debut was characterized by a combination of depressive and manic symptoms: low mood (83.3 % and 80.0 %), emotional lability (100.0 %), irritability (66.7 % and 40.0 %), decreased emotions (16.7 % and 0.0 %), sensitivity (66.7 % and 80.0 %), hyperthymia (66.7 % and 60.0 %), euphoria (50.0 % and 20.0 %).
Conclusions. Patients with a primary episode of BAD have clinical differences, predominantly due to the clinical type of the disease debut with a minor role of gender. In men, euphoric symptoms and emotional lability are more common, and in women, sensitivity. The identified patterns can be used in the development of treatment and rehabilitation and preventive measures in BAD.
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