ACANTHAMOEBAE AS RESERVOIR OF PATHOGENIC BACTERIA AND VIRUSES (literature review)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11603/1811-2471.2019.v0.i2.10364Keywords:
Acanthamoeba sp., coexistence, bacteria, virusesAbstract
The literature rewiew showed thet free-living protozoa species Acanthamoeba are representatives of large numbers of microecological groups in environmental objects and they constantly interact with other microorganisms (viruses and bacteria) that inhabit these ecological niches. The features of these relationships were studied for over 20 years. A number of pathogenic and opportunistic bacteria that can coexist with acanthamoebae are investigated. For example, the symbiotic interaction of amoeba with enterobacteria, mycobacteria, legionella, pseudomonadae, staphylococci, streptococci and a number of other prokaryotes is described. When co-cultivating the protozoa with bacteria increases the survival time of the latest and their resistance to the influence of harmful environmental factors. A number of scientific papers are also devoted to the study of the interaction of Acanthamoeba sp. with the representatives of the kingdom of Vira, especially the genera Adenovirus, Norfolkvirus, Rotavirus and Enterovirus. The nature of the interaction of bacteria and viruses with representatives of free living protozoa on the cellular level is most often studied by using microscopic and modern molecular genetic methods.
The aim of the study – to conduct the analysis of ability of free-living amoebae to interact with bacteria and viruses, and to act as a reservoir for pathogenic microorganisms.
Conclusion. A detailed analysis of literary sources made it possible to conclude that free-living amoebae are capable of actively absorbing pathogenic microorganisms. It is also proved that free-living amoebae can act as a reservoir for pathogenic microorganisms and serve as a vector for the transmission of pathogens of infectious diseases. Thus, amoebae act as a "Trojan horse" of the microbial world.
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