QUANTITATIVE MORPHOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF THE FEATURES REMODELING OF JEJUNUM MUSCULAR MEMBRANE STRUCTURE WHEN POSTRESECTION PORTAL AND PULMONARY HYPERTENSION
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11603/1811-2471.2019.v0.i1.10064Keywords:
portal hypertension, pulmonary hypertension, jejunum, muscular membrane, morphometryAbstract
Removal of large volumes of parenchyma of the liver and lungs may be accompanied by the onset of postresection portal and pulmonary hypertension. The latter leads to marked changes in hemodynamics and morphological rearrangement of the organs of large and small circulations. The structures of the jejunum and its muscular membrane, which under the mentioned pathological conditions is insufficiently studied.
The aim – to investigate the features of remodeling of the structures of the muscular membrane of the jejunum in portal and pulmonary hypertension, using quantitative morphological methods.
Material and Methods. The studies were conducted on 45 white male rats, which were divided into 3 groups. The group 1 consisted of 15 intact animals, 2 – 15 rats with postresection portal hypertension, and 3 – 15 animals with pulmonary arterial hypertension and decompensated cor pulmonale. Arterial pulmonary hypertension and decompensated cor pulmonale were modeled by right pulmonectomy. Postresection portal hypertension was modeled by resection of 58.1 % of liver parenchyma. Euthanasia of experimental animals was carried out by bloodletting under conditions of thiopental anesthesia 1 month after the beginning of the experiment. The cut pieces of the jejunum were fixed in a 10 % neutral solution of formalin, which, after appropriate ethyl alcohol of increasing concentration, was poured in paraffin blocks and histological preparations were made. On histological micropreparations, the thickness of the circular and longitudinal layers of the muscular membrane of the jejunum, the diameters of internal circular and external longitudinal myocytes, their nuclei, nuclear-cytoplasmic relations in these cells, relative volumes of internal circular and outer longitudinal myocytes, relative volumes stroma in the circular and longitudinal layers, relative volumes of damaged myocytes. Quantitative indicators were processed statistically.
Results. Removal of 58.1 % of liver parenchyma leаds to the development of postresection portal hypertension. The morphometric parameters of the structures of the circular and longitudinal layers of the muscle of the jejunum were manifested mutated. The thickness of the circular muscle layer one month after resection of liver parenchyma 58.1 % significantly decreased by 4.1 %, diameter of myocytes- 6.1 %, nuclear-cytoplasmic relation they increased by 50.0 % ctromal-myocytic relation – 14.3 %, relative volume of damaged myocytes – 14.4 times. The diameter of the outer longitudinal myocytes in these experimental conditions was reduced by only 1.6 %, the diameter of nuclei increased by 4.6 % (p <0.01), nuclear-cytoplasmic relation – 15.2 % (p<0.001), stromal-myocytic relation – by 14.1 %, relative volume of damaged myocytes – by 8.1 times. The morphological reorganization of the circular and longitudinal layers of the muscle of the jejunum under conditions of arterial pulmonary hypertension was less pronounced. At the same time nuclear-cytoplasmic relations in internal circular myocytes increased by 30.2 %, and in external longitudinal – by 12.4 %, and the relative volumes of their damage – respectively, in 8 and 5.9 times.
Conclusions. Removal of large volumes of liver parenchyma leads to postresection portal hypertension, and right pulmonectomy – to arterial pulmonary hypertension, cor pulmonare and its decompensation. Modified pathological conditions leads to pronounced morphological rearrangement (remodeling) of the structures of the circular and longitudinal layers of the muscular membrane of the jejunum, characterized by disproportional uneven changes in the morphometric parameters of smooth myocytes, their nuclei, nucleo-cytoplasmic relations in these cells, atrophy, growth of stromal structures and relative volumes of damaged myocytes in the muscular membrane, which may be complicated by the dysfunction of the damaged organ. More pronounced morphological changes were detected in the circular layer of the muscular membrane of the jejunum and at postresection portal hypertension.
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