DYNAMICS OF BIRTH OF CHILDREN WITH A LARGE BODY WEIGHT

Abstract

Increasing rate of infants with large body weight is currently the issue in Ukraine as well as worldwide. The main causes of this situation are genetic factors, mother comorbidities, poor diet and non-active way of life. The term "infant macrosomia" is defined as a birth weight greater than 4000 g or birth weight relative to gestational age greater than 97 percentile (or more than two standard deviations from the mean). In today's clinical obstetrics and neonatology also the term “large for gestational age” – “great to gestational age” is used. Esakoff T.F., Cheng Y.W. and others showed that high birth weight is closely associated with perinatal morbidity and mortality.

The aim of the study – to learn the epidemiology of children born with a big weight on the example of the Lviv region for the period of 2006–2015 in order to optimize the provision of perinatal care in the future.

Materials and Methods. Analysis of non-personified raw data on the number of babies born with a large body weight (> 4000h) in Lviv region in 2006–2015. The data were obtained by the copy of the "Register of newborns." The sample size was 18 527 newborns, of whom 12151 were males and 6376 females. There was determined the frequency of newborns of more than 4000 g in the general population of births. For the designated period there were analyzed gender differences in children born with great weight and the proportion of weight classes: 4000 – 4249 g, 4250 – 4499 g, 4500 – 4749g, 4750 – 4999 g and over 5000 g.

Results and Discussion. It was established that the absolute number of children born with a large body weight (> 4000 g) in Lviv region for ten years (2006–2015) increased by 512 children, and the overall growth rate was 32.99 %. The greatest positive increase in the number of children born with a large mass was recorded in 2006 when its value was 320 children, and the growth rate was + 19.95 %. At the same time it was found that the proportion of babies born with a large weight in the overall structure of newborns in Lviv region for ten years (2006–2015) decreases. The largest increase of decrease in the proportion of children born with a large weight in the overall structure of newborns were recorded in 2012, when its value was negative 0.54 %, while the growth rate was minus 4.41 %. By definition of gender differences in various weight classes for children with large birth weight for a generalized 10-year period found that the incidence of boys with a high body mass in all weight classes is significantly higher (p <0.01), than the incidence of girls.

Conclusions. As a result, our analysis revealed that in Lviv region for ten years (2006–2015) observed a decreasing trend in the proportion of children born with a high birth weight in an environment of increasing the total number of newborns in Lviv region. Frequency of males with a high body mass in all weight classes is significantly higher (p <0.05), than the newborn female with a great body weight during the ten-year period of observation. The analysis of birthrate of children is important for network planning schools, offices, staff offices, and medical care for children with a high birth weight.