NANO-CAPSULATED SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASE AS A PROSPECTIVE METHOD OF CONTACT DERMATITIS TREATMENT
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11603/2415-8798.2017.3.8135Keywords:
structure changes, skin, dermatitis, nickel, superoxide dismutase, nano-capsulated form.Abstract
Significant prevalence of dermatitis and its frequent exacerbations make the search of new treatment methods extremely urgent. It is known that oxidative stress is an integral part of the pathogenesis of various types of dermatitis. Considering this, use of substances and medications with antioxidant properties is quite promising. Nano-carries have been increasingly used in dermatology recent years to improve the bioavailability of drugs and facilitate their penetration through the stratum corneum.
The aim of the study – to learn the structural reorganization of skin at experimental contact nickel dermatitis and its correction with drugs of superoxide dismutase (SOD ) in free and nano-capsulated forms.
Materials and Methods. Experiment was carried out on 35 white inbred rats, which were divided into 4 groups. Group 1 – intact rats; group 2 – rats with contact nickel dermatitis (CD); group 3 – rats which got free form of SOD (CD + SOD ); group 4 – group which got nano-capsulated form of SOD (CD + nano-SOD ). Polymeric chitosan nanoparticles with encapsulated SOD were prepared by method of Hussain Z. et al. (2013). SOD preparations were applicated 2 times per day during 7 days. The rats were euthanized at the 20th day of the experiment in accordance to all bioethical principles. Histological examination of skin stripes was performed by routine methods.
Results and Discussion. Histological examinations of the rat skin with CD showed signs of the most prominent destructive changes at the center of lesion. The epidermis destruction and areas of necrosis were observed. Hair roots and follicles, sebaceous glans were destructed. Damage of nuclei and cytoplasm of keratinocytes and fibroblasts was observed and signs of inflammation in derma. SOD in free form did not produced significant changes of skin structure. Application of nano-SOD promoted activation of regeneration processes. Skin defects at central area were covered. Under it the formation of new epithelia cell was observed. The differentiation of epithelium layers was seen. Sings of inflammation in derma were less visible.
Conclusions. Application of nano-encapsulated form of superoxide dismutase was more efficient for improving of the skin structure reorganization at contact nickel dermatitis, compared to use of its free form. Reparation of skin was more active with differentiation of epithelium layers and decreasing of inflammation signs. Nanotechnologies use to facilitate the antioxidant drugs penetration into damaged skin is the prospective direction of further study and clinical implementation.
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