PECULIARITIES OF THE STRUCTURAL ORGANIZATION OF THE GEMOMICROCIRCULATOR GENTLE OF THE GENTAL MUSCLE RATS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11603/2415-8798.2017.3.8071Keywords:
chewing muscle, neuromuscular junction, hemocirculatory circulation.Abstract
The chewing muscle constantly and intensively works, therefore it has a dense vascularization, and its blood supply concerns to a regional blood flow. As known in various pathological conditions and diseases, the actual blood flow disturbance in the hemocirculatory channel (HM CR) leads to the development of various genesis myopathies.
The aim of the study – to establish the structural features of the HM CR of rat chewing muscle in the norm.
Materials and Methods. The material for the study was the masticatory muscles of 10 mature male rats of the Wistar line (body weight 180–200 g). Histological (staining with hematoxylin-eosin and according to Hart), histochemical (Bilshovskyi-Gros impregnation) and electron microscope methods were used. Computer processing of data was carried out using the statistical package Stat.Soft.Inc; Tulsa, OK, USA ; Statistica 6.
Results and Discussion. Blood vessels in the chewing muscle are divided into a tree. Small arteries run parallel to the muscle fibers and give rise to arterioles that run obliquely or at right angles to the longitudinal axis of these fibers. A feature of the structure of somatic hemocapillaries is the presence in their wall of light and dark endotheliocytes. Microvessels participating in the blood supply of neuromuscular endings (NME ) of the masticatory muscle originate from the intramuscular HM CR. Meta-arterioles form a hemocapillary mesh under breath- or trichotomous separation, which consists of open and closed loops of different shapes (simple, fork and loop). As our studies in the area of NME show, there are no arterio-venular anastomoses and all blood is perfused through hemocapillaries, which is obviously due to the need for permanent blood supply to ensure a high level of metabolism in NME . At the same time, the diameter of hemocapillaries in the region of the terminal motor plates is 10–20 % less than the diameter of the lumen of blood hemocapillaries, which provide muscle fiber supply.
Conclusions. In our opinion, the narrowing of the hemocapillary lumen of the NME , from the point of view of hemodynamic conditions, provides a relatively low rate of blood flow, contributes to a more complete delivery of red blood cells to oxygen and nutrients, to the deficiency of which are very sensitive to NME .
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