PECULIARITIES OF ATRIAL CARDIOMYOCYTES’ ULTRASTRUCTURAL REORGANIZATION AT EXPERIMENTAL THERMAL INJURY AND IN CONDITIONS OF APPLICATION OF LYOPHILIZED XENOGRAFT SUBSTRATE
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11603/2415-8798.2019.2.10273Keywords:
atrial cardiomyocytes, ultrastructural changes, thermal trauma, lyophilized xenograftAbstract
In developed countries burn injury is one of the most common type of damage in peacetime. Treatment of burns is determined by complexity and multiplicity, thermal trauma – is one of the most dangerous, it leads to the destruction of complex proteins – the basis of cells and tissues of organs. The cardiovascular system plays a key role in the development and pathogenesis of burn disease, which develops after a thermal injury of the third degree.
The aim of the study – to establish ultrastructural reorganization of atrial cardiomyocytes after severe thermal trauma and the combined application of lyophilized xenograft substrate.
Materials and Methods. Burns of the third degree were applied under ketamine anesthesia with copper plates heated in boiling water to a temperature of 97–1000C. Euthanasia of animals was perfomed after ketamine anesthesia, by decapitation. The size of the lesions was 18–20 % of the guinea pigs epilated body surface. For electron microscopic examination, atrial pieces were taken, fixed in a 2.5 % glutaraldehyde solution, postfixed with 1 % osmium tetraoxide solution in phosphate buffer. Further processing was carried out according to the standard technique. Ultrathin sections made on LKB-3 ultramicrotome were contrasted with uranylacetate, lead citrate according to the Reynolds method and studied with a PEM-125 K electron microscope.
Results and Discussion. During experiment submicroscopic changes of atrial cardiomyocytes after severe thermal trauma under condition of early necrectomy and the combined application of lyophilized xenograft substrate to cover the burn wound were investigated. It was established that after burning of the III degree there are significant ultrastructural changes in atrial cardiomyocytes, the damage degree of which increased in the dynamics of the experiment. In the stages of burn shock and early toxemia adaptive-compensatory processes are developing in the structures of the heart, and in the stages of late toxemia and septicotoxemia there are deep irreversible destructive changes. It was proved that the application of lyophilized xenograft substrate after the early necrectomy of damaged tissues prevents the development of destructive changes in the components of the heart in the early stages of the experiment, activates the regenerative processes of the contractile and endocrine atrial myocytes at the late stages of the experiment.
Conclusions. The use of lyophilized xenograft substrate has a positive effect on the course of regenerative processes and improves the state of the atrial ultrastructure in the dynamics of the experiment. In the early stages of the experience of using lyophilized xenoskin, the degree of damage to the cytoplasmic membranes of atrial cardiomyocytes is reduced, and regeneration processes in the cells are activated.
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