ASTHENOPIA FEATURES AND ITS DIAGNOSIS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11603/2415-8798.2019.1.10003Keywords:
asthenopia, accommodation, convergence, binocular vision, fusion, phoriaAbstract
Every year, due to technical progress, more and more new technologies and devices for their realization are emerging, computer technologies are firmly included in various spheres of human life, as well as in its life. Participation in the labor process requires the implementation of a wide range of visual tasks. Many professions are connected with the strong, and most importantly, the unusual tension of physiological functions, under which conditions of work can be characterized as extreme (production of electronic equipment, micro devices, computer equipment and work on them).
The aim of the study – to identify the features of asthenopia in young people who were referring to the clinic for 3 years.
Materials and Methods. 275 (540 eyes) of young people 20–28 years old were observed. Patients underwent an ophthalmologic examination: visometry into the near and far distance, refractometry, detection of accommodation reserves, accommodation store, the nearest point of convergence, binocular vision characteristics, fusion ability, phoria on Maddox scale by generally accepted methods. Patients who had comlaints on the “darkening in the eyes”, the “disappearance of the letters during reading”, photophobia and headache were necessarily assigned to the Dopplerography of the vessels of the head and neck, and to the additional examination of: neurologist, psychoneurologist, otolaringologist.
Results and Discussion. We established that the accommodative form of asthenopia occurs most frequently – in 45 % of cases, muscular – in 30 % of cases, and the nervous form in 25 % of cases.
Сonclusions. Each form of asthenopia has its own symptomatic complex of visual, binocular and neurovascular disorders: a) for accommodative – a slight degree of reduction of visual acuity in the distance and near, a decrease in the reserves of absolute and relative accommodation, an adequate level of fusion and convergence; b) for the muscular form – a slight reduction in visual acuity in the far and near distance, a slight decrease in the reserves of absolute and relative accommodation, a remoteness of the nearest point of convergence, a decrease in the fusion amplitude and presence of exophoria of moderate severity; c) for the nervous form – a mild form of reducing visual acuity in the far and near distance, a pronounced decrease in the reserves of absolute and relative accommodation, a pronounced remoteness of the nearest point of convergence and a significant decrease in the amplitude of the fusion, as well as the presence of adaptation disorders.
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