COMPREHENSIVE NURSING APPROACH IN THE REHABILITATION OF PATIENTS AFTER LOWER LIMB AMPUTATION

Abstract

Introduction. Lower limb amputation remains a common surgical procedure accompanied by significant physical, psychological, and social consequences for patients. The loss of a limb substantially affects a person’s functional independence, psycho-emotional condition, and ability to fully reintegrate into society. In Ukraine, approximately 15,000 such operations are performed annually, which necessitates the implementation of an effective comprehensive nursing approach to rehabilitation. Under modern healthcare conditions, the nursing care system becomes particularly important, as nurses are among the key professionals who ensure continuity of patient care at all stages of treatment and recovery.

The aim of the study – to substantiate the components of a comprehensive nursing approach in the rehabilitation of patients after lower limb amputation and to determine the role of the nurse in ensuring an effective recovery process.

The main part. The study systematizes the key components of nursing care during the postoperative and rehabilitation periods. The physical, psychological, and social directions of nursing support for patients have been identified. The role of the nurse in the prevention of postoperative complications, organization of care for the postoperative wound and stump, pain management including phantom limb pain, and preparation of patients for prosthetics and further restoration of motor activity has been characterized. The study also analyzes the psycho-emotional reactions of patients after amputation, including manifestations of anxiety, depression, decreased self-esteem, and social isolation, and outlines the directions of psychological support. Particular attention is paid to the educational role of nurses aimed at developing patients’ self-care skills, proper stump care, and the correct use of assistive mobility devices. The importance of social adaptation, professional reintegration, and preparation of patients for returning to an active life is highlighted. The study emphasizes the importance of interdisciplinary cooperation between nurses, physicians, physical therapists, psychologists, and social workers, as well as the need to develop an individualized care and rehabilitation plan.

Conclusions. A comprehensive nursing approach to the rehabilitation of patients after lower limb amputation involves the integration of clinical care, psychological support, social assistance, and educational activities. Its implementation contributes to improving patients’ quality of life, restoring their functional independence, and increasing the overall effectiveness of the rehabilitation process.