ADAPTIVE SPORTS FOR PEOPLE WITH MUSCULOSKELETAL IMPAIRMENTS

Abstract

Introduction. The article examines the role of adaptive sports in the rehabilitation and social integration system of people with musculoskeletal disorders. Modern approaches to organizing classes in adaptive sports, in particular wheelchair basketball, are analyzed, as well as their impact on the physical, psycho-emotional state and quality of life of this category of the population. Recommendations are given for the implementation of adaptive sports in the practice of physical rehabilitation. Modern approaches to the rehabilitation of people with musculoskeletal disorders involve the integration of types of health-improving and motor activity into types of adaptive physical education and sports, which provide the opportunity not only to maintain the functional state of the body, but also to achieve high sports results, contributing to socialization and improving the quality of life.

The aim of the study – to analyze the features of the use of adaptive sports in the rehabilitation system of people with musculoskeletal disorders.

The main part. Adaptive sports are an integral part of modern physical culture and an important factor in the integration of people with disabilities into the social environment. The essence of adaptive sports is to adapt physical exercises and sports disciplines in accordance with the individual capabilities of athletes, taking into account their physical, mental and sensory characteristics. Engaging in adaptive sports contributes to physical rehabilitation, health maintenance, the development of personal qualities, and the formation of sustainable motivation for active participation in social life. Adaptive sports are a direction in physical culture and sports that involves modifying the types, rules and conditions of sports activities in accordance with the capabilities of people with disabilities. These include Paralympic, Deaflympics and other sports. Systematic practice of adaptive sports has a positive effect on the functional state of the cardiovascular, respiratory and nervous systems, and helps to maintain muscle strength, joint mobility and coordination of movements of people with special needs. In addition, active participation in sports activities stimulates psychological motivation, increases self-esteem and the level of social adaptation. The most common types of adaptive sports for people with musculoskeletal disorders are: athletics; swimming; wheelchair basketball; table tennis; powerlifting; archery; wheelchair dancing.

Conclusions. Adaptive sports are an integral part of the physical rehabilitation system for people with musculoskeletal disorders, contributing to physical recovery, psychological adaptation, and social integration. Its implementation in rehabilitation practice requires further scientific research, development of methodological recommendations, and training of qualified personnel.