RESTORATION OF MOVEMENT AND MOBILITY IN THE LOWER EXTREMITIES IN CASE OF MINE AND EXPLOSIVE INJURIES

Abstract

Introduction. Explosive mine injuries (EMI) are one of the most serious types of injuries that often occur in military conflicts and terrorist attacks. They can lead to significant destruction of the musculoskeletal system, amputations, and loss of functionality of the lower limbs. Restoring movement and mobility in such cases is an extremely complex process that requires a complex approach that includes surgical intervention, rehabilitation, and psychological support. Mine-explosive injuries occur as a result of the impact of the blast wave, shrapnel and debris, which lead to severe injuries to tissues, muscles, bones, blood vessels and nerves. It is often accompanied by multiple fractures, amputations, and large skin and muscle defects. Damage to the lower extremities due to explosions leads to critical impairment of walking and stability functions.

The aim of the study – to investigate the effectiveness of complexes of rehabilitation measures in restoring mobility in the lower limbs when working with patients with mine-explosive damages to the lower limbs.

The main part. We conducted an analysis of the effectiveness of rehabilitation interventions to improve the quality of life of patients with mine-explosive injuries of the lower extremities. A rehabilitation program aimed at optimizing the recovery process in patients with mine-explosive injuries of the lower extremities was developed. The program is built taking into account individual characteristics and a comprehensive approach, which ensures its high efficiency in application for a wide range of patients. Mine-explosive lesions are complex due to the specific features of pathogenesis, diagnosis and therapy, and for rehabilitators - due to a combination of disorders of the functioning of several body systems at once. Therefore, complex physical rehabilitation programs are used to effectively restore the functions of the musculoskeletal system and maximize the return of patients’ working capacity. We have developed sets of exercises for two movement modes. Each complex is individually selected for the patient, changing the composition and number of repetitions of the exercises. Also, the variability of the exercises depends on the inventory and the patient’s condition. To complicate and increase the load, it is recommended to perform them in several approaches. If there are difficulties with performing certain exercises, it is recommended to use passive assistance to develop joints and muscles and to increase the range of motion.

Conclusions. Restoring mobility and mobility of the lower limbs after mine-explosive injuries is a complex and long-term process that requires a multidisciplinary approach. Surgical interventions, intensive physical rehabilitation, prosthetics and psychological support help patients to return to the most active and independent life. Innovations in prosthetics and rehabilitation methods make it possible to achieve significant results, increasing the quality of life of victims.