X-ray fluorescence analysis of macro- and microelement composition of osteoporotically altered alveolar processes of mandible providing pharmacological correction and bone retention

Abstract

Summary. Treatment of tooth-maxillary anomalies and deformities, in particular in adult patients, is a topical problem in modern dentistry. Movement of teeth during orthodontic treatment is accompanied by resorption and the formation of a new bone tissue surrounding the tooth. In adult patients, a significant part of the tooth-maxillary anomalies is accompanied by an osteoporotic process of the skeletal bones and periodontal bone tissue, in particular the reduction of the level of macro- and trace elements, the replenishment of their deficiency potentiates osteotropic drugs that can exhibit individual effects on different  skeletal bones.

The aim of the study – preclinical testing of the effect of such drugs on the condition of bone tissue of the alveolar processes, in particular their effect on the deficit of macro- and micronutrients during orthodontic treatment, in order to provide a «bone retention» – the intensification of osteogenesis as a factor in preventative relapse.

Materials and Methods. In this work, 350 white nonlinear rats, divided into 8 groups (1 – intact animals, 2 – animals, in which as a model of changes in bone tissue during orthodontic movement of teeth, osteoporosis was modeled, 3 – animals, which until the end of the experiment continued to use osteoporosis modulating factor, 4 – animals with osteoporosis, which received the Osteogenon drug, 5 – a similar group of animals receiving the Vitrum®Osteomag drug, 6 – animals receiving the Bivalos® drug, 7 – animals receiving the Teraflex® drug 8 – placebo). Identification of the quantitative and qualitative composition of the chemical elements (Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Sr, Ca, P) was performed by X-ray fluorescence analysis in the bone tissue of the mandible, vertebra of the tail and femur.

Results and Discussion. A different level of accumulation of chemical elements in the investigated bones was revealed after the treatment. It was established that the drug on the basis of glycosaminoglycans Teraflex® most effectively contributed to the reliable replenishment of the deficit of essential for the functioning of the bone tissue of the alveolar processes of the jaws of chemical elements. Vitrum®Osteomag effectively influenced the indices of chemical elements in the vertebrae, and «Osteogenone» – to a greater extent the femur. However, the drug «Bivalos®» – strontium ranelate, reliably suppressed the performance of all chemical elements, most accumulated in the femoral bone.

Conclusions. The Teraflex® drug undoubtedly enhances the optimization of reparative processes to ensure «bone retention» as a factor in the prevention of relapses in the treatment of tooth-maxillary anomalies in adult patients.