Phagocytic activity in experimental periodontitis and under the condition of using different types of removable prosthetic bases
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11603/2311-9624.2024.3.14979Keywords:
periodontitis, phagocytosis, phagocytic index, phagocytic number, removable prosthesis, prosthesis base, acrylic prostheses, nylon prosthesesAbstract
Summary. Changes in the phagocytic activity of leukocytes in bacterial-immune periodontitis can be an important indicator of the progression of the disease and the influence of orthopedic structures on the body's immune response when using prosthetic bases.
The aim of the study – to clarify the pathogenetic role of the non-specific link of the organism's reactivity in experimental bacterial-immune periodontitis and under the condition of using different types of removable orthopedic prosthetic structures.
Materials and Methods. Experiments were conducted on white rats. Dentures were made according to standard methods: acrylic bases by thermal polymerization from polymethacrylate material, and nylon bases from thermoplastic material by pressing under pressure. Experimental bacterial-immune periodontitis in experimental animals was induced by injecting a mixture of microorganisms suspended in egg white into the periodontal tissue. Blood for research was obtained from mechanically damaged vessels in the area of inflammation. Smears were prepared and stained according to the Tziel-Nielsen method. The results were expressed in the form of phagocytic number and phagocytic index.
Results and Discussion. On the 30th day of the inflammatory process in the periodontal complex, phagocytic activity increased. During the study of the phagocytic index using acrylic prosthetic bases, it was found to be increased compared to control animals, this index was also higher compared to the group of rats that had periodontitis without prosthetics. In periodontitis with nylon structures, the phagocytic index of granulocytes exceeded that of the control group. This index was also higher than the indicators without prosthetics and with acrylic prosthetic bases. The phagocytic number was compared with control animals, and under the conditions of using acrylic prostheses, it increased compared to the control indicator, compared to the group without prostheses, the obtained results were also higher. Under the conditions of using nylon plastic, this indicator significantly exceeded the level of the indicator in animals of the control group and turned out to be higher than the indicators in rats without prosthetics. Compared with the data obtained in the group of rats with another type of basic plastic – acrylic, the phagocytic number was increased.
Conclusions. During the development of the simulated inflammatory process in the periodontal complex, an increase in the phagocytic activity of granulocytes in the blood was noted. The use of prosthetic bases helped to increase the values of the phagocytic number and the phagocytic index. In animals with acrylic bases, an increase in the level of phagocytic number and phagocytic index was found compared to the group of animals with inflammation and nylon prostheses.
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