Pathogenetic role of immune reactions to periodontal pathogens of the oral cavity in the development of inflammatory processes in patients with diabetes and evaluation of the effectiveness of complex and local treatment measures
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11603/2311-9624.2024.3.14974Keywords:
periodontopathogens, diabetes mellitus, periodontitis, nonspecific immunity, microbical contaminationAbstract
Summary. Inflammatory processes in periodontal tissues are one of the important problems in dentistry because, despite the significant effectiveness of modern dental care, the number of patients in need of treatment remains significant. Research on the effectiveness of complex treatment of generalized periodontitis in patients with diabetes has been and remains the subject of research by many domestic and foreign scientists.
The aim of the study – to carry out a clinical, microbiological and immunological analysis of the pathogenetic factors of the development of chronic generalized periodontitis in patients with diabetes and to evaluate the effectiveness of its complex treatment with the local application of long-acting agents.
Materials and Methods. The analysis and generalization of data from modern scientific sources regarding the effectiveness of complex treatment of generalized periodontitis in patients with diabetes mellitus was carried out.
Results and Discussion. As a result of scientific research, there is an increase in the pathogenic influence of microflora, which develops against the background of a decrease in the immunological reactivity of the body, which leads to low efficiency of treatment or a decrease in the duration of the therapeutic effect. These circumstances dictate the need to improve methods of treating inflammatory periodontal diseases in patients with diabetes.
Conclusions. Bacterial contamination by periodontopathogens of the oral cavity of patients with diabetes activates immune cytokinegenesis with the development of systemic and local vascular and tissue disorders, the treatment of which requires a complex pathogenetically based approach. In the treatment of chronic generalized periodontitis in patients with diabetes, there is a need to include antimicrobial, immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory agents combined with local agents of flavonoid origin in the complex of therapeutic measures, with constant correction of glycemia and insulin resistance.
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