Characterization of the cellular and species composition of the microflora of the oral mucosa of patients with lichen planus
(literature review)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11603/2311-9624.2022.3.13224Keywords:
lichen planus, Wickham's mesh, TNF-α, HLA-complexAbstract
Summary. Lichen planus is a polyetiological disease, the pathogenesis of which involves immune, neuroendocrine, intoxication, metabolic processes with damage to the skin and mucous membranes in the form of specific rashes that develop as a result of inflammatory and dystrophic processes in the affected tissues. In addition, there is an increased risk of malignancy of certain clinical forms, which is why the search for criteria for early diagnosis of the disease is urgent.
The aim of the study – to analyze literary sources with the characteristics of the cellular composition and species composition of the microflora of the oral mucosa of patients with lichen planus.
Materials and Methods. The review and analysis of scientific and medical literature based on the Scopus, Web of Science, MedLine, PubMed, NCBI databases, the study of which does not exceed 10 years, including literature reviews and the results of clinical trials.
Results and Discussion. Lichen planus of the mucous membrane of the oral cavity is one of the most common chronic keratoses, in the pathogenesis of which many exogenous and endogenous factors play an important role in the complex, however, data on the frequency of lesions are very contradictory. Dominant pathomorphological processes in this disease are inflammation and tissue alteration. Implementation of these mechanisms takes place with the direct participation of the microcirculation system, regardless of the etiology of the disease. In this regard, during cytological and bacteriological studies, there are both general signs of the above-mentioned processes and specific markers, the diagnostic value of which is of great importance when establishing a diagnosis, and as a result, a correctly carried out complex of medical measures.
Conclusions. The wide variety of clinical manifestations, the lack of a clear understanding of the etiopathogenetic mechanisms of the development of lichen planus of the oral cavity, requires a personalized, complex treatment based on an individual approach to each patient, taking into account the probable etiological factor, the clinic and the applied spectrum of laboratory studies.
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