Bioelectrical activity of musculus masseter at rest in the individuals with mandible edentulousness
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11603/2311-9624.2022.2.13029Keywords:
electromyography, mandible edentulousnessAbstract
Summary. Surface electromyography is the gold standard of electrophysiological methods of neuromuscular diseases diagnosis. Bioelectrical activity of muscle fibers is not detected in the functional state of rest. However, there are little rhythmic action potentials required to maintain muscle location in space. Spontaneous activity of muscle fibers is registered only in conditions of pathology.
The aim of the study – to study the qualitative and quantitative indicators of mm. masseter dexter et sinister bioelectrical activity in patients requiring prosthodontic treatment of mandible edentulousness.
Materials and Methods. 138 individuals were examined at the premises of the Department of Dentistry of Postgraduate Education at Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University. They included 108 patients who required prosthodontic treatment of mandible edentulousness and 30 people at the age of 23–28 years with intact dentition who formed the Control Group. The research was conducted in two stages. During the first stage, we examined patients and individuals in the Control Group through the short Hamburg test to determine the degree of temporo-mandibular joint (TMJ) dysfunction. According to the results of the first stage, 3 clinical groups were formed. The individuals of these groups underwent the second stage of the research: electromyographic examination of the masticatory muscles at relative physiological rest.
Results and Discussion. The mean values of the maximum amplitudes (μV) of the masticatory muscle biopotentials at relative physiological rest in the control group constituted 18.74 μV on the right and 19.31 μV on the left. An increase in the mean values of the patients in the Examination Group I by 31.4 % on the right and 17.4 % on the left was observed in comparison with the values of the Control Group. The values in the Examination Group II were higher by 73.2 % on the right and 76.9 % on the left than the values in the Control Group when performing similar tests. The mean values of maximum amplitudes (μV) obtained as a result of electromyographic examination of the patients in Group III constituted 203.4 % on the right and 181.1 % on the left compared to the Control Group.
Conclusions. Mean values of maximum amplitudes (μV) in the state of relative physiological rest show the physiological state of musculoskeletal structures. The mean values of bioelectrical activity increased by 203.4% on the right and 181.1% on the left compared to the Control Group in case of musculoskeletal dysfunction. No significant increase in the mean values in the state of relative physiological rest was observed in the patients requiring prosthodontic treatment of mandible edentulousness in Groups I and II in comparison with the Control Group.
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