Phenotypic characteristics of multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells of adipose tissue and evaluation of the degree of its mineralization IN VITRO
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11603/2311-9624.2020.3.11566Keywords:
mesenchymal stromal cells, adipose tissue, platelet-rich plasma, expression of surface antigensAbstract
Summary. In medical practice, specialists quite often encounter injuries of various etiologies. The current goal is to make reconstruction of the damaged tissue in a short term, with minimal cost and effect on the body. The use of stem cells in dental practice has become possible due to the phenomenal discovery in biology and biotechnology regarding the ability of stem cells, after injecting them into the recipient's body, to enter the places of damaged tissues and restore their cellular structure.
The aim of the study – to determine the biocompatibility of mesenchymal stromal cells of adipose tissue with osteoplastic materials
Materials and Methods. The study was conducted at the Bukovynian State Medical University, Chernivtsi, Ukraine. Adipose tissue samples were obtained from the neck of 60 experimental animals (white Wistar rats). Multipotent mesenchymal adipose tissue cells (MMSC – AT) were obtained by grinding adipose tissue of rats. Phenotyping of MMSC – AT by markers SD 44, SD 45, SD 73, SD 90, SD 117, Sca-1 was performed using monoclonal antibodies to mouse membrane antigens conjugated to fluorochromes. Evaluation of fibroblast proliferation was performed using the Alamar Blue test at 3, 7 and 10 days after the start of the experiment.
Results and Discussion. Cultured MMSC – AT of experimental rats of the 2nd passage express MMSC markers characteristic of MMSC – AT capable of differentiation in the osteogenic direction, with the predominance of this process in tissue samples containing platelet-enriched plasma and Kolаpan. During osteogenic differentiation, morphological changes of cells took place, with synthesis and mineralization of the extracellular matrix and formation of cell aggregates. Analysis of the degree of extracellular matrix mineralization revealed that the studied samples containing MMSC – AT have osteogenic potential, which was more pronounced in the samples "MMSC – AT + platelet-enriched plasma" and "MMSC – AT + platelet-enriched plasma + Kolаpan ".
Conclusions. Therefore, tissue equivalents of bone tissue based on multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells from adipose tissue can be candidates for use in regenerative medicine, and studies of their use in experimental animals will provide an opportunity to expand understanding of the characteristics of MMSC – AT to optimize their further clinical application and implementation new approaches in different areas of dentistry.
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