Efficacy of treatment measures according to paraclinical indices in patients with generalized periodontitis initial and first degrees of severity, depending on the blood group

Abstract

Summary. The article presents a clinical evaluation of the use of polypeptide drugs for the treatment of generalized periodontitis of the initial – I degree. Generalized periodontitis occupies one of the leading places in the structure of dental diseases. According to numerous epidemiological studies, its prevalence, depending on the region and age of those surveyed, reaches 40–100 %. The analysis of morbidity carried out by a number of researchers testifies to constant increase of its frequency, and value of this problem is emphasized also by the fact that loss of teeth owing to periodontitis is 4–5 times more, than owing to caries and its complications.

The aim of the study – to determine the clinical effectiveness of treatment of generalized periodontitis of primary – I degree with the use of polypeptide drugs.

Materials and Methods. Treatment of generalized periodontitis of primary – I degree according to the scheme developed by us was carried out to 56 persons of the main group and 49 patients of control group. To quantify the clinical signs of periodontal disease used periodontal index, the index of bleeding gums. The depth of periodontal pockets and the loss of epithelial attachment were measured with a graduated probe and expressed in millimeters. To study the degree and nature of resorption of the interalveolar septa of the bone of the alveolar processes, an X-ray examination was performed using panoramic radiography and the data were evaluated according to the X-ray index Fuch (Rtg). The combined index of hygiene was determined by summing the average values of individual indices and divided the resulting sum by the number of indices. Statistical processing of research results was carried out using conventional methods of variation statistics.

Results and Discussion. The analysis of the conducted researches showed that as a result of application of the medical complex offered by us, containing polypeptide drugs of local and general action, in patients with GP of initial – I degree of the main group, improvement of indices of bleeding and mobility of teeth at carriers B (III) was more dynamic, p₁<0.01 and AB (IV) blood groups, with carriers of B (III) blood group was better to restore epithelial attachment, p, p₁<0.05. Changes in the values of the depth of periodontal pockets, periodontal index in patients with GP of primary – I degree, regardless of blood group, during treatment did not differ, p₁, p₂, p₃>0.05. It was noted that in patients with GP of primary – I degree with 0 (I) blood group the lowest values of Rtg-index of recession of the gums, relative to similar data in carriers A (II), p₁<0,05, B (III) and AB (IV) blood groups, p₂, p₃<0,01. At the same time, the worst hygiene was determined in patients with GP of primary – I degree with A (II) blood group, in relation to data in persons with 0 (I), p1<0,05, and B (III) and AB (IV) blood groups, p₂, p₃<0.01.

Conclusions. Evaluation of the condition of periodontal tissues in patients with GP of primary – I degree with different blood group 12 months after treatment showed that the stabilization of periodontal tissues in patients of the main group was studied in (83.93±4.91) % of people against (12.25±4>68) % of the treated control group p<0.01. The condition of periodontal tissues "unchanged" was determined in (8.93±3.81) % of the main groups against (8.16±3.91) % of patients in the control groups, p>0.05. The "increase" of phenomena in periodontal tissues was observed in (7.14±3.44) % of the treated main groups and in (79.59±5.75) % of patients in the control groups, p <0.01, which indicates the effectiveness of our proposed therapy.