Ecological determinants for the state of dental health of children's population of the Ukrainian Danube
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11603/2311-9624.2020.1.11221Keywords:
dental health, childhood, epidemiology, risk factorsAbstract
It is well known that the dental health of children determines the health of adults, and is an integral indicator of the overall well-being of society. World experience shows that in the application of modern technologies of primary and secondary prevention, the prevalence of many dental diseases can be significantly reduced.
The aim of the study – to determine the environmental determinants for the state of dental health of children of the Ukrainian Danube region (on the example of Izmail district)
Materials and Methods. The study was performed at the Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Institute of Dentistry NAMN of Ukraine during 2017–2019. 300 children of both sexes aged 7, 12 and 15 who were living in the settlements of Izmail district were surveyed. The analysis of the level of environmental and hygienic safety in the places of residence of the examined
Results and Discussion. It has been shown that was condukted over the past 10 years there has been a tendency towards an increase in the incidence of caries and gingivitis among prepubertal children and adolescents. Among 6-year-old children, there were higher levels of caries and periodontal pathology among young men – CPVz – (0.23±0.1) points, CPVP – (0.23±0.1), RMA – (87.4±4.9) %. These differences are more striking in relation to the condition of dentition teeth: for girls – (3.8±1.0), for boys – (4.8±0.3) points, PPC – (2.8±0.2) and (5.7±0.3) points respectively. A similar pattern is observed in adolescents 12 years old. In boys of this age, the KPUz indicator was (2.6±0.3), and in girls (1.8±0.2) points, KPUP – (3.2±0.3) and (2.1±0.2) points, respectively. Regarding the RMA index, it was (98.9±1.0) % among girls, and (104.3±1.8) % among boys. With age, the differences leveled. It requires an explanation why, in adolescent girls, the level of CPU reached (4.5±0.3) years, and in boys only (2.0±0.2) years. In terms of CPVP, this indicator was (2.2±0.2) years in 15-year-old girls, and (5.3±0.4) in boys (p <0.01). The prevalence of gingivitis was high among boys – (103.0±2.7) % (versus (17.3±0.9) % in girls). Drinking water of non-optimal mineral composition was consumed by 41.7 % of individuals, a high content of refined carbohydrates was inherent in the diets of 63.0 % of the examined children.
Conclusion. The ecological determinants of the dental health of the children's population of the Ukrainian Danube are the use of physiologically non-optimal drinking water and the predominance of refined carbohydrates in the diet. The adverse effect of environmental factors on the dental health of the children's population is aggravated with age.
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