Application of antioxidant and iNOS modulation therapy in lipopolysaccharide periodontitis associated with atrophic gastritis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11603/2311-9624.2019.4.10883Keywords:
periodontitis, atrophic gastritis, lycopene, aminoguanidineAbstract
Epidemiological investigations provide evidence linking a high incidence of inflammatory diseases of the oral cavity in individuals with atrophic changes in the gastric mucosa. In the pathogenesis of periodontitis induced by gram-negative microflora endotoxin lipopolysaccharide, the activation of free radical oxidation reactions and the excessive production of nitric oxide play an important role. Therefore, the using of drugs that would be able to prevent oxidative and nitrooxidative stress can be considered pathogenetically reasonable in periodontitis on the background of gastritis.
The aim of the study – to determine the therapeutic efficacy of antioxidant lycopene and inducible NO synthase selective inhibitor aminoguanidine in generalized lipopolysaccharide periodontitis associated with chronic atrophic gastritis.
Materials and Methods. Rats-males which were divided into 5 groups were used for experiments: group 1 – control; 2 – rats with lipopolysaccharide periodontitis on the background of chronic atrophic gastritis; 3 and 4 – rats with periodontitis and gastritis, which were respectively administered orally with lycopene or intraperitoneally with aminoguanidine; 5 – rats with periodontitis and gastritis, which were injected with lycopene and aminoguanidine together. In the serum and periodontal tissue homogenate the level of TBA-active products, reduced glutathione, the total activity of NO synthase, the level of nitrates and nitrites (NOx), the content of free oxyproline, glycosaminoglycans, sialic acids, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-4, IL-10 were measured.
Results and Discussion. The use of lycopene reduced the intensity of oxidative reactions by 1.3 and 1.5 times in serum and periodontium, respectively, and increased the content of reduced glutathione by 1.2 times in serum of animals with periodontitis and gastritis. The activity of NO synthase in the periodontium under the influence of aminoguanidine decreased by 1.7 times, and the level of NOx – by 1.2 and 1.3 times in serum and periodontium. Under the influence of an antioxidant, the level of free oxyproline in the serum of animals with combined pathology decreased by 1.4 times, glycosaminoglycans – by 1.3 times, sialic acids – by 34 %, and under the influence of iNOS inhibitor – respectively by 40. 23 and 37 %. When using lycopene, the concentration of TNF-α and IL-1β decreased by 1.4 and 1.5 times compared with untreated animals, and the levels of IL-4 and IL-10 increased by 1.7 and 1.9 times, respectively. Aminoguanidine also significantly improved cytokine imbalance in rats with periodontitis and gastritis. Correction of periodontitis associated with gastritis with a combination of antioxidant and iNOS inhibitor has in most cases proved to be more effective than their individual use.
Conclusions. The use of antioxidant lycopene and iNOS inhibitor aminoguanidine can be considered as an effective pathogenetically reasonable method of correction of periodontitis associated with atrophic gastritis.
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