СИСТЕМНІ МЕХАНІЗМИ ФОТОРЕГУЛЯЦІЇ ОСЦИЛЯТОРНИХ МЕРЕЖ КЛІТИННОГО МЕТАБОЛІЗМУ ТА ЗДОРОВ'Я ЛЮДИНИ

О. П. Мінцер; В. М. Заліський; Л. Ю. Бабінцева

doi:10.11603/mie.1996-1960.2019.4.11015

Автор(и)

О. П. Мінцер Національна медична академія післядипломної освіти імені П. Л. Шупика
В. М. Заліський Національна медична академія післядипломної освіти імені П. Л. Шупика
Л. Ю. Бабінцева Національна медична академія післядипломної освіти імені П. Л. Шупика

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.11603/mie.1996-1960.2019.4.11015

Ключові слова:

осциляторні мережі клітинного метаболізму, шипова нейронна мережа, концептуалізація, циркадний годинник супрахіазматичних ядер, екстраретинальна фоторецепція

Анотація

Дослідження присвячено розумінню фізіологічного походження осциляції та функціональної ролі таких коливань. Відповідно за мету дослідження визначено концептуалізацію ролі коливальних сигналів у різних частотних діапазонах станів мережі. Відмічено, що циркадний годинник є біологічним осцилятором, що присутній у всіх фоточутливих видах істот. Він здатний здійснювати 24-годинний цикл транскрипції ферментів метаболізму світло-темнової періодичності; залишається невирішеним головне питання: яким чином центральні циркадні програми транскрипції ферментів метаболізму інтегровано у фізіологічні відповіді окремих нейронів і як ансамблі периферичних циркадних осциляторів вирівнюють часові гармоніки взаємодії організму з навколишнім середовищем; положення регульованих світлом мережевих нейронних осциляторів у контурі SCN і пов'язаний із ним баланс синаптичного входу можуть змінювати мембранний потенціал, рівень Ca2+ і цАМФ або інші сигнали, визначаючи тим самим регіон-специфічні варіанти «ритмічних» фенотипів, що спостерігаються в природних (in vitro) умовах; накопичені знання про тонкі механізми, за допомогою яких SCN та інші відділи мозку адаптуються до фотоперіодичних сезонних змін, залишаються неповними. Поряд із традиційними формами нейропластичності (формування нових міжнейронних зв'язків, зміна синаптичної стабільності та кількості синапсів) великого значення набувають механізми фазових нейромедіаторних перемикань між циркадними клітинними осциляторами в SCN і в інших областях (гіпоталамус, гіпокамп) мозку. Отже, подальші дослідження можуть розкрити особливості того, як взаємодія цих форм пластичності нейронів (опосередкована сезонними змінами) бере участь у поведінкових і фізіологічних реакціях фоторегуляції осциляторних мереж, оптимізуючи розвиток програм хронотерапії — як структурного елемента системної біомедицини.

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