CONTENT OF SAPONINS IN LEAVES AND RHIZOMES WITH ROOTS OF CULTIVATED PLANTS OF PRIMULA L.

Abstract

Introduction. In the world flora the genus Primula L., of the family Primulaceae is one of the most numerous and binds over 600 species of yearlings and perennials. 9 species of the genus Primula grow on the territory of Ukraine.
In the sources of literature, there is information on the healing properties of primrose rock (Primula saxatilis Kom.) and primrose denticulated (Primula denticulata Smith.), which are used only in folk medicine. At the same time in the scientific literature sources there is not enough information on their chemical composition.

The aim of the study – to determine the content of saponins in leaves and rhizomes with the roots of the decorative species of the genus Primula – primrose rock and primrose denticulated.

Research Methods. With the purpose of detecting saponins in the investigated raw material, the generally accepted qualitative reactions were made, for which the extras were prepred. Water extracts were used for the foam formation and sedimentation tests. The chemical nature of saponins in the studied objects was also determined. Quantitative content of saponins, in terms of escin, was determined by spectrophotometric method at the spectrometer of Lambda 25 Perkin Elmer (USA) at a wavelength of 381 nm.

Results and Discussion. As a result of the preliminary study, it was found that the content of saponins in the primrose denticulated was 1.4 times greater than that of the primrose rock and was (0.61±0.03) %. The content of saponins in the primrose denticulated in rhizomes with roots is 1.2 times larger than that of primrose rock rhizomes with roots and was (1.79 ± 0.06) %.

Conclusions. 1. Phytochemical analysis of leaves and rhizomes with roots of primrose rock and primrose denticulated was conducted, the presence of saponins of the triterpene series was experimentally proved.

2. The content of saponins in primrose rock leaves and rhizomes with roots was (0.45±0.02) % and (1.54±0.07) %, in the primrose denticulated (0.61±0.03) % and (1.79±0.06) %, respectively.