CONTENT OF GROWTH FACTORS AND HIF-1Α IN THE WOUND BED OF RATS WITH METABOLIC SYNDROME

Abstract

Introduction. The process of skin wound healing begins immediately after injury and is a dynamic and complex biological process. The reasons why wounds do not close are still largely unclear. In this regard, growth factors, a class of signaling molecules that are essential for the regulation of a variety of cellular processes, including proliferation, differentiation, angiogenesis, survival, inflammation, and tissue repair or fibrosis, have attracted the most attention. The Aim of the Study. To determine the concentrations of growth factors in the skin during the healing of fullthickness excisional flat wounds in rats of different sexes with glutamate-induced obesity, provided that they were treated with carbopol gel with melanin. Research Methods. Newborn males and females were randomly divided into 6 groups. Three groups – non-obese and three groups with glutamate-induced obesity. Simulation of wounds on the dorsal surface was performed under general anesthesia using sodium thiopental at a dose of 60 mg/kg of animal weight. In the 6th group of animals with glutamate-induced obesity, wounds were treated daily with carbopol gel (0,5 %) – a universal thickener to give a solution a jelly-like consistency (Carbopol 980) with melanin (0,1 %). The level of growth factors was determined using the appropriate reagent sets by indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) according to a standard protocol. Results and Discussion. It was shown that in control rats with glutamate-induced obesity, the concentration of insulin-like growth factor (IGF) increases 1.5 times compared to non-obese controls. In glutamate-induced obesity and the presence of a planar wound, the concentration of this growth factor increases by 1,9 times, and in induced obesity and the presence of a planar wound treated with melanin, the concentration of this factor increases by 1,7 times compared to the corresponding values without obesity. Epidermal growth factor (EGF) concentrations in glutamate-induced obesity also increase, both in control and in flat wound and flat wound treated with melanin, by 1,4, 2,2, and 1,6 times, respectively. It has been shown that in glutamate-induced obesity, the concentration of fibroblast growth factors increases 1,6 times compared to control. In a flat wound and a flat wound treated with melanin, it increases by 2,0 and 1,8 times, respectively. In males and females with glutamateinduced obesity, daily wound treatment with carbopol gel with melanin accelerated wound healing, and this process involved growth factors, the concentration of which significantly increased relative to non-obese controls. Conclusions. In males and females with glutamate-induced obesity, daily wound treatment with carbopol gel with melanin accelerated wound healing and significantly reduced the area of lesions throughout the experiment. Growth factors are involved in this process, the concentration of which increases significantly.