VIOLATION OF THE CYTOKINE PROFILE AT DIABETIC KNEE ARTHROPATHY

Abstract

Introduction. Diabetes mellitus is accompanied by various complications in the organs and systems of the body and also leads to damage to the joints. The peculiarities of cytokine profile disorders in diabetic arthropathy of the knee joint have not been studied enough.

The aim of the study – to study the features of cytokine profile disorders in diabetic arthropathy of the knee joint.

Research Methods. The structures of the knee joint of 96 laboratory sexually mature white male rats, which were divided into 3 groups, were studied using a complex of biochemical and morphological methods. The 1-st group included 30 intact control animals, the 2-nd – 32 rats with one-month diabetic arthropathy of the knee joint, the 3-rd – 34 animals with the two-month specified pathology. Diabetes mellitus was modeled by a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin manufactured by "Sigma" at a dose of 50 mg/kg. Rats were euthanized by bloodletting under thiopental anesthesia. In blood serum, the concentration of interleukins (IL2, IL6, IL10) and tumor necrosis factor (TNFa) was determined by the immunoenzymatic method. Histological preparations were made from the knee joint, which were examined optically and morphometrically. Quantitative indicators were processed statistically.

Results and Discussion. It has been established that a significant imbalance of cytokines occurs with diabetic arthropathy of the knee joint. With one-month diabetic damage to the knee joint, the level of IL2 in the blood serum increased by 20.8 %, IL6 – by 40.9 %, IL10 – by 30.9 %, TNFa – by 12.4 % (p<0.001), with two-month diabetic atrophy these indicators decreased by 30.6 %, 52.0 %, 36.27 % and 17.9 %, respectively (р<0.001). The relative volume of damaged synoviocytes of the synovial membrane of the knee joint under the conditions of the monthly experiment increased by 10.4 times, chondrocytes in the articular surface of the femur by 5.1 times, tibia bone by 6.9 times, kneecap by 4 times (р<0.001), with two-month diabetic arthropathy of the knee joint, the given indicators changed similarly to 14.6; 7.1; 8.0 and 6.0 (p<0.001) times.

Conclusions. Diabetic arthropathy of the knee joint is characterized by a pronounced imbalance of cytokines IL2, IL6, IL10, TNFa in the blood serum, damage to synoviocytes of the synovial membrane, chondrocytes of the articular surfaces of the bones of the joint being studied. The most pronounced changes in the concentrations of cytokines and damaged synoviocytes, chondrocytes of the articular surfaces of the bones of the knee joint were found in two-month diabetic arthropathy.