IMBALANCE OF ADIPOCYTOKINE LEVELS AND INDICATORS OF CELLULAR IMMUNITY IN RATS WITH DIET-INDUCED VISCERAL OBESITY
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11603/mcch.2410-681X.2024.i3.14911Keywords:
obesity, adiponectin, leptin, cytokinesAbstract
Introduction. The progressive increase in the number of obese patients has actualized the study of adipose tissue dysfunction, which is considered not only as a passive reservoir for storing excess energy substrate, but as a metabolically active endocrine organ that secretes hormones and cytokines. Cytokines and adipokines of adipose tissue are involved in the regulation of many vital processes, the imbalance of which leads to the development of insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, diabetes and cardiovascular pathology.
The aim of the study – to determine the secretion of adipokines in blood serum, adipose tissue and the profile of serum cytokines, to evaluate the cytomorphological state of the spleen in rats under conditions of diet-induced obesity.
Research Methods. The experiments were carried out on white non-linear male rats, the direction included the study of the mechanisms of development of steatohepatosis in rats for 16 weeks, which were on a high-calorie diet (diet C 11024, Research Diets, New Brunswick, NJ), which is the closest to the possible nature of the diet of overweight individuals.
Results and Discussion. It was established that visceral obesity without hyperphagia accompanied by steatohepatosis was registered in rats that were on a high-calorie diet with a high content of fats, carbohydrates and reduced protein for 16 weeks. In rats with diet-induced obesity, a decrease in the concentration of adiponectin and an increase in the content of leptin in blood serum were found. An increase in the content of leptin in adipose tissue was established. In rats that were on a high-calorie diet for a long time against the background of the development of visceral obesity and steatohepatosis, the mass of the spleen and the number of splenocytes decreased, which caused dysfunction of the immune system, one of the manifestations of which was an imbalance in the content of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in the blood serum.
Conclusions. Long-term exposure of rats to a high-calorie diet leads to the development of visceral obesity, characterized by hypoadiponectinemia (p<0.001) and hyperleptinemia (p<0.01), increased leptin content in adipose tissue (p<0.05). An imbalance in the production of adipokines is accompanied by an increase in the content of IL-1β (p<0.01), IL-12 p40 (p<0.001), INF-γ (p<0.05) and a decrease in the content of IL-4 (p<0.05) , IL-10 (p<0.05), TGF (p<0.01).
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