THE EFFECT OF SPLENECTOMY ON THE CONTENT OF IMMUNE COMPLEXES IN THE BLOOD AND THE PRO-INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE OF THE BODY IN THE CASE OF POLYTRAUMA IN THE EARLY AND LATE PERIODS OF TRAUMATIC DISEASE
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11603/1811-2471.2026.v.i1.15914Keywords:
trauma, spleen, immune responses, inflammation, ceruloplasminAbstract
SUMMARY. The aim – to determine the effect of splenectomy on the content of circulating immune complexes (CIС) and the pro-inflammatory response of the body in the conditions of polytrauma in the early and late periods of traumatic disease.
Material and Methods. Experiments were performed on mature male Wistar line rats. In control group 1, rats were only administered anesthesia. In control group 2, laparotomy was performed under anesthesia. In experimental group 1, polytrauma was simulated in anesthetized rats. In experimental group 2, rats with multiple trauma additionally underwent splenectomy. After 1, 7, 14, and 28 days of the post-traumatic period, ceruloplasmin (CP) and circulating immune complexes (CIC) were determined in blood serum.
Results. Under the effect of only laparotomy, compared with control group 1, the content of CP in blood serum increased significantly at all stages of the post-traumatic period, with a maximum in the early post-traumatic period – after 7 days. During this period, the content of CIC also increased significantly against the background of laparotomy. Under conditions of simulated multiple trauma, the content of CP and CIC in blood serum significantly increased compared to control group 2, starting from the 7-th day of the post-traumatic period, with a maximum CP value after 7 days and a maximum CIC value after 7–14 days. Additional spleen resection against the background of simulated multiple trauma exacerbated the detected disorders. The content of CP and CIC in the blood serum of such rats was significantly higher compared to rats in which only multiple trauma was simulated, starting from the 7-th day of the post-traumatic period. The maximum level of the studied indicators against the background of additional splenectomy was maintained during 7–14 days of the experiment, and then decreased until the 28-th day, without reaching the level of rats in which only multiple trauma was modeled. The obtained result indicated that splenectomy significantly aggravated the course of multiple trauma, in particular, it contributed to the accumulation and prolonged circulation of immune complexes and intensified the body's systemic response to inflammation.
Conclusion. Splenectomy performed during surgical correction of multiple trauma contributes to slowing down the elimination of circulating immune complexes in the blood and enhancing the formation of pro-inflammatory mediators, which should be taken into account in the strategy for correcting post-spleenectomy disorders against the background of multiple trauma.
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