RESEARCH ON ORGANIC ACIDS OF CRAMBE TATARIA SEEDS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11603/1811-2471.2025.v.i2.15315Keywords:
Crambe tataria, seeds, organic acids, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, titrimetric methodAbstract
SUMMARY. Crambe L. is a genus of perennial and annual plants of the Brassicaceae family, which includes about 30 species. Eight species of this genus grow in Ukraine, among which Crambe tataria is a South European-Mediterranean species. In Ukraine, Crambe tataria was introduced into culture by scientists from the Department of Cultural Flora of M. M. Hryshko National Botanical Garden of the NAS of Ukraine (Kyiv), whose collection includes 8 species of the genus Crambe. Today, species of the genus Crambe L. are widely introduced and studied due to such promising properties as food, decorative, medicinal, etc.
Analysis of available literature sources indicates insufficient phytochemical study of Crambe tataria seeds. Literature sources contain only information on the study of the fatty acid composition of seeds of this species. There is no data on the comprehensive phytochemical study of other groups of primary metabolites in Crambe tataria raw materials, including organic acids, therefore the presented study is relevant.
The aim – to establish the qualitative composition and determine the quantitative content of organic acids in Crambe tataria seeds.
Material and Methods. The material for the research was Crambe tataria seeds, which were harvested in the experimental plots of the Department of Cultural Flora of M. M. Hryshko National Botanical Garden of the NAS of Ukraine (Kyiv) in 2024.
The determination of individual organic acids was performed on an Agilent 6890N/5973 inert gas chromatography-mass spectrometry system (Agilent technologies, USA). Identification was performed by comparing the retention times of pharmacopoeial standard samples (oxalic, maleic, succinic, itaconic, malic, α-ketoglutaric, citric and isocitric acids) and the NIST 17 database.
The quantitative content of the sum of organic acids was determined according to the method given in the monograph of the State Pharmacopeia of Ukraine 2.0 “Viburnum Fruits”. The conversion was made to citric acid.
Results. The results of the studies showed the presence of oxalic, malonic, levulinic, succinic, malic and citric acids. The most abundant citric acid was detected – (693.73±22.65) μg/g or 61.50 % of the total amount of detected organic acids. The alkalimetric titration method established that Crambe tataria seeds contains (1.13±0.07) % of organic acids.
Conclusions. 1. For the first time, the qualitative composition and quantitative content of individual organic acids in Crambe tataria seeds were investigated by GC/MS. It was established that the studied raw material contains oxalic, malonic, levulinic, succinic, malic and citric acids.
- The dominant component among organic acids in Crambe tataria seeds is citric acid, the content of which is (693.73±22.65) μg/g.
- The quantitative content of the sum of organic acids in Crambe tataria seeds was determined by titrimetric method, which is (1.13±0.07) %.
- The obtained results indicate the prospects of further in-depth phytochemical and pharmacological studies of Crambe tataria seeds.
References
Levchyk NYa, Rakhmetov DB, Lyubinska AV, Horbenko NYe. Alelopatychnyy potentsial roslyn rodu Сrambe L. (Brassicaceae Burnett) kolektsiyi Natsionalnoho botanichnoho sadu imeni M. M. Hryshka NAN Ukrayiny [Allelopathic potential of plants of the genus Сrambe L. (Brassicaceae Burnett) from the collection of the M. M. Hryshka National Botanical Garden of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine]. Naukovyy visnyk NLTU Ukrayiny. 2019;29(5):40–46. Ukrainian. DOI: https://doi.org/10.15421/40290508
Kalista M. Underutilized medicinal species of Crambe L. of the flora of Ukraine. Agrobiodiversity for improving nutrition, health and life quality. 2017;1:216–220. DOI: https://doi.org/10.15414/agrobiodiversity.2017.2585-8246.216-220
Pushkarova NO, Kalista MS, Kharkhota MA. Crambe tataria sebeók seeds and plants grown in vitro and in vivo fatty acid composition comparison. Potravinarstvo Slovak Journal of Food Sciences. 2016;10(1):494–498. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5219/646
Turalin B, Kurbatova N, Inelova Z. Phytochemical study of Crambe tatarica sebeok, a promising source of medicinal plant extracts. Pak. J. Bot. 2022;54(2):653–666. DOI: https://doi.org/10.30848/PJB2022-2(38)
Vergun OM, Rakhmetov DB, Shymanska OV, Fishchenko VV. The accumulation of nutrients in under-ground parts of plants of the genus Crambe L. spp. Introduktsiya roslyn. 2018;2:3–11.
Okumus E. Effect of ultrasonic and conventional extraction on bioactive components, glucosinolate content and antidiabetic activity of Crambe tataria. Fitoterapia. 2024;178:106177. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fitote.2024.106177
Chirilă SD, Cara IG, Motrescu I. Habitat preference of the endangered species Crambe tataria (Brassicaceae) from Romania. Göttingen. 2022;42:275–296.
Subaşi İ. Seed fatty acid compositions and chemotaxonomy of wild Crambe (Brassicaceae) taxa in Turkey. Turk J Agric For. 2020;44:662-670. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3906/tar-1912-76
Oproshanska TV, Khvorost OP, Kudrya VV. Kilkisnyy vmist sumy orhanichnykh kyslot u seriyakh syrovyny deyakykh predstavnykiv rodyn Polygonaceae, Rosaceae ta Asteraceae [The content of organic acids in the raw materials of some representatives of the families Polygonaceae, Rosaceae and Asteraceae]. Medychna ta klinichna khimiya. 2020;22(3):81-84. Ukrainian.
Marchyshyn S, Kudrja V, Nakonechna S. Investigation of organic acids of Sanguisorba officinalis rhizomes with roots and herb (Sanguisorba officinalis L.). The Pharma Innovation Journal. 2018;7(6):216–218.
Kostyshyn LV, Slobodyanyuk LV, Marchyshyn SM, Demydyak OL, Lyashenko LYu. Doslidzhennya orhanichnykh kyslot u travi ta pidzemnykh orhanakh Saponaria officinalis L [Study of organic acids in the herb and underground organs Saponaria officinalis L]. Medychna ta klinichna khimiya. 2020;22(4):77–82. Ukrainian. DOI: https://doi.org/10.11603/mcch.2410-681X.2020.i4.11743
Marchyshyn S, Slobodianiuk L, Budniak L, Skrynchuk O. Analysis of carboxylic acids of Crambe cordifolia Steven. Pharmacia. 2021;68(1):15–21. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/pharmacia.68.e56715
Krzymińska A, Gąsecka M, Magdziak Z. Content of Phenolic Compounds and Organic Acids in the Flowers of Selected Tulipa gesneriana Cultivars. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland). 2020;25(23):5627. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25235627
Oproshanska TV, Khvorost OP. Kilkisne vyznachennya sumy orhanichnykh kyslot v nastoyankakh z syrovyny poshyrenykh vydiv roslyn za dopomohoyu potentsiometriyi [Quantitative determination of the amount of organic acids in tinctures from raw materials of common plant species using potentiometry]. Fitoterapiya. Chasopys. 2021;4:61–65. Ukrainian. DOI: https://doi.org/10.33617/2522-9680-2021-4-61
Kumar V, Sharma A, Bhardwaj R, Kumar Thukr A. Analysis of organic acids of tricarboxylic acid cycle in plants using GC-MS, and system modeling. Journal of Analytical Science and Technology. 2017;8:20. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40543-017-0129-6
Derzhavne pidpryyemstvo “Ukrayinskyy naukovyy farmakopeynyy tsentr yakosti likarskykh zasobiv”. Derzhavna Farmakopeya Ukrayiny. 2-he vyd. Dopovnennya 4. [State Pharmacopoeia of Ukraine. 2nd ed. Supplement 4.]. Kharkiv: Derzhavne pidpryyemstvo “Ukrayinskyy naukovyy farmakopeynyy tsentr yakosti likarskykh zasobiv”; 2020. Ukrainian.
