FEATURES OF STRUCTURAL AND FUNCTIONAL CHANGES OF THE HEART IN PATIENTS WITH ISCHAEMIC DISEASE COMBINED WITH HYPERTENSIVE DISEASE AFTER A CORONAVIRUS INFECTION (COVID-19)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11603/1811-2471.2025.v.i1.15264Keywords:
left ventricular hypertrophy, heart remodeling, systolic and diastolic functionAbstract
SUMMARY. The aim – to study the features of structural and functional remodeling of the heart in patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD) in combination with hypertension (HD) after a coronavirus infection.
Material and methods. The main group consisted of 60 patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD) in combination with hypertension (HD) who had contracted coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Patients with IHD and HD (50 people) who did not have COVID-19 formed the comparison group. The groups were statistically comparable in age (p=0.309 by t-test), gender (p=0.941 by c2) and duration of CHD: (6.7±1.8) years and (6.2±2.1) years, respectively (p=0.182 by t-test).
The structural and functional state of the heart was studied using one- and two-dimensional echocardiography (ECHO-CG) on the "Esaote.my lab class C" device using standard methods.
Results. End-diastolic size and volume (EDS, EDV), end-systolic size and volume of the left ventricle (LV) in patients of the main group were significantly greater than in the comparison group. The values of left ventricular myocardial mass (LVMM) and left ventricular myocardial mass index (LVMI) in the main and comparison groups were 304 (246; 341) g and 163 (122; 178) g/m2 and 231 (211; 296) g and 115 (101; 121) g/m2, respectively (p<0.001). The values of LV ejection fraction (EF) of 48.6 (46.2; 51.1) % indicate a moderately reduced LV EF in patients with CHD in combination with GC. LV contractile function in the comparison group remained preserved and was 56.9 (55.0; 59.2) %.
Conclusions. The impact of a previous coronavirus infection in patients with coronary artery disease leads to structural and functional reorganization of the heart, an increase in the mass of the LV myocardium, dilation of its cavities, and impaired systolic and diastolic heart function.
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