ORGANIZATIONAL ASPECTS OF REHABILITATION OF MILITARY SERVANTS WITH COMBAT INJURIES OF THE ORGAN OF VISION
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11603/1681-2786.2025.4.15903Keywords:
rehabilitation; military personnel; combat eye injuries; ophthalmological care; health care organization; visual disability.Abstract
Purpose: to analyze the organizational aspects of the rehabilitation system for military personnel with combat injuries of the organ of vision and develop recommendations for its improvement. Materials and methods: an analysis of 82 scientific sources for 2019–2024, medical reports of ophthalmology departments of military hospitals, statistical data for 2020–2023 was conducted. Bibliosemantic, medical-statistical, sociological methods were used (questionnaire of 89 ophthalmologists, survey of 124 military personnel), comparative analysis of domestic and international experience, expert assessment method (interviews with 15 specialists). 456 cases of combat injuries of the organ of vision were analyzed. Results: Combat injuries of the organ of vision constitute a serious medical and social problem due to the high risk of disability and loss of working capacity of military personnel. It was established that injuries to the organ of vision account for 6–8 % of all combat injuries. By structure: penetrating wounds – 28.3 %, contusions – 36.4 %, burns – 11.6 %, foreign bodies – 18.2 %. In 42 % of cases, injuries were combined with other injuries. By functional results: 23.5 % retained vision, 31.8 % had partial loss, 26.1 % had significant loss, 18.6 % lost vision. The main organizational problems were identified: insufficient coordination between stages of care (58 %), limited opportunities for early rehabilitation (67 %), lack of specialized centers (43 %), insufficient training of personnel (71 %). Only 34 % of victims received assistance within the critical 6 hours. A structure of multicomponent rehabilitation has been developed: medical (surgical treatment, vision correction, functional recovery), psychological (adaptation to limitations, overcoming PTSD), professional (retraining, mastering technologies) and social (integration, employment) components. A model of staged rehabilitation has been proposed: hospital (2–4 weeks), sanatorium (1–2 months) and outpatient (6 months – 2 years) stages. Conclusions: effective rehabilitation requires the creation of a specialized center, training of specialists, implementation of modern technologies and development of standardized protocols.
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