FEATURES OF THE ORGANISATION OF EARLY DETECTION OF MALIGNANT NEOPLASMS IN RESIDENTS OF CITIES AND RURAL AREAS AT THE PRIMARY HEALTH CARE LEVEL
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11603/1681-2786.2025.4.15901Keywords:
organization and accessibility of primary health care; family doctors; patients; health care providers; reasons for referrals; risk factors; cancer screening.Abstract
The aim of the study was to examine, based on a survey of general practicioners-family doctors (GPs), the organization of early detection of malignant neoplasms in patients at the primary care level, depending on the location of medical practice (urban, rural). Materials and methods. A sociological survey of 311 GPs was conducted on the reasons for patients’ referral, on the risks of oncology, on referrals for examination, on the adequacy of resources for early detection of oncology in patients, and on the availability of modern cancer diagnostic methods. The results of the responses of GPs in 3 groups depending on the place of medical practice (city > 300 thousand population, city up to 300 thousand population, rural area) were compared using the Chi-square method in the MedCalc® Statistical Software package (v.22.009). Results. We found that doctors in rural areas have significantly more declarations per doctor than in cities (p = 0.048). We determined that only slightly more than half of patients consult a doctor for a routine examination (respectively by group – 66.7 %, 54.5 %, 51.4 %) regardless of the place of practice, almost 25 % of doctors do not collect anamnesis from patients regarding the presence of risk factors for the development of oncological pathology. The group of doctors in rural areas revealed the most positive responses regarding smoking and alcohol consumption (100 %) as cancer risks. Doctors, regardless of the place of medical practice, negatively assess the adequacy of resources for early detection of oncological pathology (respectively 69.8 %, 61.9 % and 72.2 %) and negatively assessed the availability of modern diagnostics of oncological pathology (77.8 %, 57.4 %, 65.3 % respectively). Conclusions. The results of the study indicate the need to take into account, when developing a policy to improve the quality of medical care for the population, in terms of early detection of oncological pathology, differences in the organization of such care by GPs depending on the place of medical practice (city or rural area). It is necessary to increase the professional competence of GPs in forming oncological alertness for early detection of cancer and awareness of risk factors for oncological pathology in the rural population.
References
Ferlay J. Ervik M. Lam F. Colombet M. Mery L. Piñeros M. Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon : International Agency for Research on Cancer, 2020. URL: https://gco.iarc.fr/today (accessed at: 01.02.2021).
Бюлетень національного канцер-реєстру України № 25. 120 с. URL: http://www.ncru.inf.ua/publications/BULL_25/index.htm (дата звернення: 02.12.2025).
Зуб В. Епідеміологія раку в Україні: аналіз за останнє десятиліття. Acta Medica Leopoliensia. 2021. Vol. 27, № 3–4. С. 126–142. DOI: 10.25040/aml2021.3-4.126. DOI: https://doi.org/10.25040/aml2021.3-4.126
Liu Y. Rui Y. Zhao Z. Effectiveness of early cancer screening and diagnosis in urban China. Sci Rep. 2025. Vol. 15. P. 23160. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-025-05020-1. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-05020-1
Mon H. M. Robb K. A. Demou E. Effectiveness of workplace cancer screening interventions: a systematic review. BMC Cancer. 2024. Vol. 24. P. 999. DOI: 10.1186/s12885-024-12649-0. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-024-12649-0
World Health Organization. Cancer. 2022. URL: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/cancer (accessed at: 26.06.2022).
Про забезпечення скринінгу і ранньої діагностики окремих видів раку та моніторингу стану здоров’я пацієнтів з груп ризику : Наказ МОЗ України від 05.08.2024 № 1368. URL: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/z1273-24 (дата звернення: 02.12.2025).
Franks J. A. Davis E. S. Bhatia S. Kenzik K. M. Defining rurality: an evaluation of rural definitions and the impact on survival estimates. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2023. Vol. 115, № 5. P. 530–538. DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djad031. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/djad031
Вежновець Т. Вознюк В. Регіональний аналіз забезпеченості лікарями загальної практики- сімейними лікарями в Україні у період з 2008 по 2020 роки. Україна. Здоров’я нації. 2023. № 1. С. 10–18. DOI: 10.32782/2077-6594/2023.1/02. DOI: https://doi.org/10.32782/2077-6594/2023.1/02
Mohammadiaghdam N. Doshmangir L. Babaie J. Determining factors in the retention of physicians in rural and underdeveloped areas: a systematic review. BMC Fam Pract. 2020. Vol. 21. P. 216. DOI: 10.1186/s12875-020-01279-7. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12875-020-01279-7
De Martel C., Georges D., Bray F., Ferlay J., Clifford G. M. Global burden of cancer attributable to infections in 2018: a worldwide incidence analysis. Lancet Glob Health. 2020. Vol. 8, № 2. P. e180–e190. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(19)30488-7
Assessing national capacity for the prevention and control of noncommunicable diseases: report on 2023 global survey. Geneva : World Health Organization, 2025. Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO
Kaneko M. Ohta R. Mathews M. Rural and urban disparities in access and quality of healthcare in the Japanese healthcare system: a scoping review. BMC Health Serv Res. 2025. Vol. 25, № 1. P. 667. DOI: 10.1186/s12913-025-12848-w. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-025-12848-w
Ostini R. McGrail M. R. Kondalsamy-Chennakesavan S. Hill P. O’Sullivan B. Selvey L. A. Building a sustainable rural physician workforce. Med J Aust. 2021. Vol. 215, Suppl. 1. P. S5–S33. DOI: 10.5694/mja2.51122. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5694/mja2.51122
Sung H. Global Cancer Statistics 2020: GLOBOCAN Estimates of Incidence and Mortality Worldwide for 36 Cancers in 185 Countries. CA Cancer J Clin. 2021. Vol. 71, № 3. P. 209–249. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3322/caac.21660
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish in this journal agree to the following terms:
1. The authors reserve the right to authorship of the work and pass the journal right of first publication of this work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License, which allows others to freely distribute the work published with reference to the authors of the original work and the first publication of this magazine.
2. Authors are entitled to enter into a separate agreement on additional non-exclusive distribution of work in the form in which it was published in the magazine (eg work place in the electronic repository institution or publish monographs in part), provided that the reference to the first publication of this magazine.
3. Policy magazine allows and encourages authors placement on the Internet (eg, in storage facilities or on personal websites) manuscript of how to submit the manuscript to the editor and during his editorial processing, since it contributes to productive scientific discussion and positive impact on the efficiency and dynamics of citing published work (see. The Effect of Open Access).
