THYROID CANCER INCIDENCE AND MORTALITY IN UKRAINE
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11603/1681-2786.2025.3.15638Keywords:
thyroid cancer; incidence; mortality; public health; healthcare system; accessibility of medical services.Abstract
Purpose: to analyze the incidence and death rate from thyroid cancer in Ukraine over the last decade. Materials and Methods. According to data from the National Cancer Registry of Ukraine for 2014–2023, the incidence and death rate of the Ukrainian population from thyroid cancer were analyzed. Results. It has been established that standardized incidence rates and death rates from thyroid cancer in Ukraine are practically the same as global rates. The incidence rate among women is 3.5–4.5 times higher than among men, and mortality is 1.5–2.5 times higher. It has been found that the peak of female incidence occurs at working age 50–59 (21.6–26.2 cases per 100,000 of the corresponding population), while for men it is between the ages of 55 and 69 (7.8–8.5 per 100,000 population). The highest death rates for women are between the ages of 65 and 79 (2.9–3.0 per 100,000 population), and for men between the ages of 60 and 79 (2.1–2.7 per 100,000 population). It has been revealed that after an increasing trend in indicators, especially in the female incidence rate, during 2014–2019, there was a decrease in the incidence and death rate from thyroid cancer during the COVID-19 pandemic, and with the start of full-scale war in 2022, it is not possible to calculate the indicators. Significant regional differences in the incidence rate of thyroid cancer are shown, with maximum levels in central Ukraine (11.7–12.1 per 100,000 population, including 17.9–19.2 in Kyiv) and minimum levels in the West (4.2–5.7 per 100,000 population), which, against the backdrop of significantly smaller regional fluctuations in death rate from thyroid cancer (0.4–0.8 per 100,000 population), leads to significant inequity in the mortality-to-incidence ratio (from the most unfavorable 0.11–0.17 in the West to acceptable 0.04–0.06 in the South and 0.06–0.07 in the Center). Conclusions. The data obtained in the study confirms the impact of medical services availability on thyroid cancer detection, registration, and patient survival.
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