PREVALENCE OF SKIN DISEASES WITH LIVER DISEASES: EPIDEMIOLOGY, ETIOLOGY, PATHOGENESIS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11603/1681-2786.2024.3.14955Keywords:
skin, liver, comorbid conditions, metabolically associated steatotic liver disease, cirrhosis, atopic dermatitis, acne, psoriasisAbstract
Purpose: to analyze modern scientic literature sources about the prevalence of skin diseases in liver pathology.
Materials and Methods. Analysis of the scientific publications of recent years, which are available on the Internet, was performed, with the key words including “skin”, “liver”, “prevalence”, “liver disease”, “incidence”, “pathology”.
Results. According to the epidemiological studies, approximately 60–70 % of patients with cirrhosis have skin manifestations. Hyperpigmentation, acne, and xanthomas are often observed in patients with MASCD, especially in the later stages. In recent years, it has been established that chronic inflammatory dermatoses (psoriasis, lupus erythematosus, scleroderma, lichen planus, etc.) are associated with metabolic syndrome. Atopic dermatitis is also associated with an increased risk of metabolic disorders that contribute to the development of MASHP. 86.4 % of patients with chronic liver diseases, regardless of their etiology, have skin changes. Data from the scientific literature indicate that lichen planus is the most frequent manifestation on the skin of patients with liver diseases of autoimmune origin. Autoimmune hepatitis has also been closely associated with vitiligo, especially with autoimmune hepatitis type 2, and possible associations have been found with alopecia areata, psoriasis, and pyoderma gangrenosum.
Conclusions. The analysis of literary sources confirms that changes in the skin are an important clinical marker of liver diseases and can help in the diagnosis of liver pathology. They indicate systemic disorders in the body and require a complex approach to treatment. The study of the comorbidity of these conditions becomes especially important, considering the metabolic and inflammatory mechanisms that may be common to both diseases. Research on the relationship between skin manifestations and liver diseases will expand the possibilities of early detection, prevention and treatment of these common pathologies and improve the quality of life of patients.
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