STUDY OF THE PREVALENCE OF NON-COMMUNICABLE DISEASES IN DIFFERENT POPULATIONS, ASSESSMENT OF RISK FACTORS AND DEVELOPMENT OF PREVENTION STRATEGIES
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11603/1681-2786.2024.3.14942Keywords:
non-communicable diseases, prevention, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, oncological diseases, strategic programs, health care, risk factors, international recommendationsAbstract
Purpose: to study the prevalence of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in different populations, to assess the impact of key risk factors on public health, and to develop effective prevention strategies to reduce morbidity and mortality associated with NCDs.
Materials and Methods. The paper examines and analyzes the prevalence of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in different populations, and also assesses the key risk factors contributing to their development. The main focus is on such diseases as cardiovascular diseases, oncology, diabetes and chronic respiratory diseases, which are the leading causes of death and disability in Ukraine.
Results. Current statistical data on morbidity and mortality from NCDs are presented, and the main behavioral, biological, and environmental risk factors are analyzed. International experience in the field of prevention of NCDs and recommendations of the World Health Organization (WHO) are considered. Special attention is paid to the development of strategic measures for the prevention of non-communicable diseases, which include programs for the prevention, early detection and treatment of NCDs, as well as strategies for reducing risks and strengthening the health of the population. The work emphasizes the importance of implementing national preventive programs aimed at changing behavioral risk factors, such as smoking, insufficient physical activity, unhealthy diet and alcohol abuse, to reduce the burden of NCDs in Ukraine.
Conclusions. In summary, non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are the leading cause of death in the world. Most cases are preventable, but effective prevention strategies are needed to reduce the impact of behavioral risk factors such as smoking, unhealthy diet, physical inactivity, and alcohol abuse.
Currently, NCDs are the leading cause of death in Ukraine, accounting for 91% of all deaths. Cardiovascular diseases and oncology have the greatest impact. Due to the aging of the population and imperfect health care, the situation may worsen.
The STEPS methodology, recommended by the WHO, allows countries to collect standardized data on the prevalence of NCDs and their risk factors, which is important for making informed decisions in the fight against these diseases.
References
Vsesvitnya orhanizatsiya okhorony zdorovya. (2024). Hlobalnyy plan diy VOOZ iz zapobihannya neinfektsiynym zakhvoryuvannyam (GAP) ta Hlobalna systema monitorynhu (GMF) [WHOʼs Global Action Plan for the Prevention of Noncommunicable Diseases (GAP) and the Global Monitoring System (GMF)]. moz.gov.ua. Retrieved from: https://moz.gov.ua/article/news/moz-ta-vooz-opriljudnili-novu-strategiju-spivpraci- [in Ukrainian].
Vsesvitnya orhanizatsiya okhorony zdorovya. (2023). Yevropeyska prohrama «Obyednani diyi dlya polipshennya zdorovya v Yevropi» 2023–2025 rokiv [European Program “Joint Actions to Improve Health in Europeˮ 2023–2025]. iris.who.int. Retrieved from: https://iris.who.int/bitstream/handle/10665/345924/WHO-EURO-2021-1919-41670-59496-ukr.pdf [in Ukrainian].
Doslidzhennya vyyavylo duzhe vysoku poshyrenist neinfektsiynykh zakhvoryuvan, yikh povedinkovykh i biolohichnykh faktoriv ryzyku v Ukrayini [The study revealed a very high prevalence of non-communicable diseases, their behavioral and biological risk factors in Ukraine]. phc.org.ua. Retrieved from: https://phc.org.ua/news/doslidzhennya-steps-viyavilo-duzhe-visoku-poshirenist-faktoriv-riziku-neinfekciynikh [in Ukrainian].
Ministerstvo okhorony zdorovya Ukrayiny. (2024). Rozvytok systemy okhorony zdorovya v Ukrayini u 2024 rotsi [Development of the healthcare system in Ukraine in 2024]. Kyiv. moz.gov.ua. Retrieved from: https://moz.gov.ua/zmicnennja-sistemi-ohoroni-zdorovja-ta-zberezhennja-zhittja-heal-ukraine [in Ukrainian].
Svitovyy bank. (2023). Proyekt «Polipshennya okhorony zdorovya na sluzhbi u lyudey» [The project “Improving health care at the service of peopleˮ]. www.worldbank.org. Retrieved from: https://www.worldbank.org/uk/news/feature/2023/02/14/despite-the-war-ukraine-continues-providing-necessary-health-services-to-patients [in Ukrainian].
(2020). Doslidzhennya STEPS: poshyrenist faktoriv ryzyku neinfektsiynykh zakhvoryuvan v Ukrayini u 2019 rotsi [STEPS study: prevalence of risk factors for non-communicable diseases in Ukraine in 2019]. Kopenhahen: Yevropeyske rehionalne byuro VOOZ. www.who.int. Retrieved from: https://www.who.int/ukraine/uk/publications/WHO-EURO-2020-1468-41218-56060 [in Ukrainian].
STEPS: Yak i dlya choho vyvchayut faktory ryzyku neinfektsiynykh khvorob [STEPS: How and for what risk factors of non-communicable diseases are studied]. moz.gov.ua. Retrieved from: https://moz.gov.ua/uk/steps-jak-i-dlja-chogo-vivchajut-faktori-riziku-neinfekcijnih-hvorob [in Ukrainian].
Tsentr hromadskoho zdorovya MOZ Ukrayiny. (2024). Doslidzhennya STEPS: rezultaty epidemiolohichnoho nahlyadu za faktoramy ryzyku neinfektsiynykh zakhvoryuvan v Ukrayini [The STEPS study: results of epidemiological surveillance of risk factors for non-communicable diseases in Ukraine]. Kyiv. phc.org.ua. Retrieved from: https://phc.org.ua/naukova-diyalnist/doslidzhennya/doslidzhennya-z-neinfekciynikh-zakhvoryuvan/nacionalne-doslidzhennya-steps-v-ukraini [in Ukrainian].
Ukrayinskyy instytut sotsialnykh doslidzhen imeni Oleksandra Yaremenka. (2021). Zdorovya ta povedinkovi oriyentatsiyi uchnivskoyi molodi v Ukrayini [Health and behavioral orientations of student youth in Ukraine]. Kyiv. Retrieved from: https://www.uisr.org.ua/hbsc [in Ukrainian].
(2020). Hlobalne opytuvannya doroslykh shchodo vzhyvannya tyutyunu (GATS). Rezultaty opytuvannya [Global Adult Tobacco Use Survey (GATS). Survey results]. Kyiv. Retrieved from: https://kiis.com.ua/materials/pr/20180214_GATS/Full%20Report%20GATS%20Ukraine%202017%20UKR.pdf [in Ukrainian].
(2022). Yevropeyske opytuvannya uchniv shchodo vzhyvannya alkoholyu ta inshykh narkotychnykh rechovyn (ESPAD). Rezultaty opytuvannya sered ukrayinskykh pidlitkiv [European survey of pupils on the use of alcohol and other narcotic substances (ESPAD). Results of a survey among Ukrainian teenagers]. Kyiv. Retrieved from: https://www.uisr.org.ua/espad [in Ukrainian].
Tsentr hromadskoho zdorovya MOZ Ukrayiny. (2022). Indeks zdorovya ukrayintsiv 2022 roku [Public Health index of Ukrainians in 2022]. Kyiv. Retrieved from: https://phc.org.ua [in Ukrainian].
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Bulletin of Social Hygiene and Health Protection Organization of Ukraine
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish in this journal agree to the following terms:
1. The authors reserve the right to authorship of the work and pass the journal right of first publication of this work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License, which allows others to freely distribute the work published with reference to the authors of the original work and the first publication of this magazine.
2. Authors are entitled to enter into a separate agreement on additional non-exclusive distribution of work in the form in which it was published in the magazine (eg work place in the electronic repository institution or publish monographs in part), provided that the reference to the first publication of this magazine.
3. Policy magazine allows and encourages authors placement on the Internet (eg, in storage facilities or on personal websites) manuscript of how to submit the manuscript to the editor and during his editorial processing, since it contributes to productive scientific discussion and positive impact on the efficiency and dynamics of citing published work (see. The Effect of Open Access).
