INFLUENCE OF LIFESTYLE AND NUTRITION ON THE HEALTH STATUS OF PATIENTS WITH AUTOIMMUNE THYROIDITIS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11603/1681-2786.2024.2.14787Keywords:
nutrition, autoimmune thyroiditis, health, lifestyleAbstract
Purpose: to investigate the influence of lifestyle and nutrition on the health status of patients with autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT).
Materials and Methods. The study of the effectiveness of the use of diet therapy in the complex treatment of patients with AIT consisted of the following stages: assessment of initial data and questionnaires; approval of the nutrition program for 3 months; forming conclusions. 40 patients (36 females and 4 males) with AIT, aged from 25 to 52 years, took part in the study. Bibliographic, sociological, anthropometric, analytical and statistical methods were used.
Results. It was established that before the correction of nutrition, 47.5 % had primary lactose insufficiency, and another 40 % had secondary lactose intolerance. Celiac disease was officially confirmed in 1 person, 12.5 % had elevated specific IgE to wheat, and another 37.5 % had elevated IgG and IgA antibodies to gliadin. 87 % of people had vitamin D insufficiency or deficiency. Eating a Mediterranean diet with individual modifications for three months had a positive effect on the patients' condition. The number of people with a BMI of 25–29.9 (overweight) decreased from 70 to 28 %, and over 30 (obesity) – from 18 to 5 %. An increase in physical activity and normalization of sleep also contributed to the improvement of well-being in the studied group. Symptoms such as rapid fatigue, weakness, anxiety, tachycardia, pressure in the neck and lump in the throat disappeared in most of them. All this, in turn, reduced the tendency of the participants of the research group to stress and anxiety states and encouraged them to give up smoking and electronic cigarettes.
Conclusions. Our research shows that in the complex treatment of patients with AIT, in addition to drug treatment, it is necessary to recommend a number of components, namely: balanced nutrition, healthy sleep, rejection of bad habits, adequate drinking regime, elimination of stressful conditions, physical activity, compensation of deficiency states, including vitamin D, selenium, etc. All participants reported noticeable positive changes as early as three months after changing their eating habits and regime, which was confirmed by positive dynamics in laboratory tests for thyroid-stimulating hormone and antibodies.
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