EPIDEMIOLOGY AND RISK FACTORS OF UTERINE FIBROIDS AND GENITAL ENDOMETRIOSIS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11603/1681-2786.2024.1.14629Keywords:
uterine leiomyoma, endometriosis, prevalence, incidence, risk factorsAbstract
Purpose: to analyze the current literature on the prevalence and main risk factors of uterine leiomyoma (UL) and genital endometriosis.
Materials and Methods. The study reviewed scientific publications in recent years that are available on the Internet, using the following keywords: uterine leiomyoma, uterine fibroids, endometriosis, prevalence, incidence, and risk factors.
Results. The scientific literature indicates that the incidence of concomitant UL and endometriosis ranges from 12 % to 20 %. A research team from Finland suggested that symptomatic endometriosis coincides with the symptoms of uterine fibroids. The Thai study says that 28 % had concomitant endometriosis and UL. Other researchers have reported varying degrees of comorbidity between endometriosis and UL, ranging from 12 % to 87.1 %. Polish researchers have shown that the comorbidity of UL and endometriosis is 57.9 %, confirming that gynecological symptoms are often not associated with a single cause. A retrospective study found that 25.8 % of patients with endometriosis were comorbid with UL, compared with 9.3 % of patients with isolated endometriosis, while 19.6 % of patients with UL were comorbid with endometriosis, compared with 5.5 % with isolated UL. A study in Japan reported a high risk of comorbidity of endometriosis with UL, which is 4.47 (95 % CI 4.09–4.87).
Conclusions. An analysis of the literature substantiates the relevance of studying the impact of risk factors that contribute to the development of leiomyoma and endometriosis. Improving knowledge and raising awareness of the pathologies under study and their comorbidities in society will help to better understand the risk factors for these diseases. A deeper understanding of the etiology and complexity of the comorbidity of uterine leiomyoma and endometriosis will lead to long-term results in the prevention and treatment of these common pathologies.
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