INFLUENCE OF INTESTINAL MICROBIOTA ON THE DEVELOPMENT AND COURSE OF PARKINSONʼS DISEASE
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11603/1681-2786.2023.4.14434Keywords:
intestinal microbiota, Parkinsonʼs disease, dysbiosisAbstract
Purpose: to evaluate the influence of dysbiosis on the development and severity of the course of Parkinson's disease.
Materials and Methods. A comparative and systematic analysis of literature sources from the PubMed database, which relate to the importance of intestinal microbiota in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease, was conducted.
Results. One of the pathogenetic links in the development of Parkinsonʼs disease (PD) is dysbiosis of the intestinal microflora with a decrease in the diversity of microorganisms and changes in the metabolism of the intestinal microbiota; damage to the intestinal mucosa and increase its permeability; activation of the immune response with the consequences of systemic and neurogenic inflammation; disruption of gut-brain signaling mechanisms, including neural, endocrine, and metabolic pathways. Specific changes in the composition and metabolic activity of the intestinal microbiota can be used as biomarkers or additional criteria for the prevention of Parkinsonʼs disease. Therapeutic methods aimed at correcting the composition and metabolic activity of the intestinal microbiota, such as fecal transplantation, the use of psychobiotics and neuroactive derivatives of probiotic bacteria, bring positive results.
Conclusions. Research into the mechanisms of influence of microorganisms and their products on the functional activity of the central nervous system requires further development. It is important to consider the intestinal microbiome as a key object in the diagnosis and therapy of neuropsychiatric disorders and diseases. The approach aimed at correcting the composition and functional activity of the intestinal microbiota is a promising strategy for increasing the effectiveness of the treatment of psychoneurological pathologies. Using a microbiome approach allows for earlier detection of these diseases and predicting their course.
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