ANALYSIS OF SKIN CANCER MORBIDITY AND THE ORGANIZATION OF MEDICAL CARE PROVISION TO PATIENTS WITH SKIN ONCOPATHOLOGY IN THE ZHYTOMYR REGION
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11603/1681-2786.2023.3.14222Keywords:
malignant neoplasms, incidence of skin cancer, mortality from skin cancer, organization of medical care for patients with oncology, radiation, public healthAbstract
Purpose: to determine the age-sex characteristics of skin oncology and the state of providing medical care to patients with skin cancer in the Zhytomyr region during 2012–2022.
Materials and Methods. The research materials were the official statistical data of the reports of the Center for Medical Statistics of the Central Hospital of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine “Incidence rates of malignant neoplasms and activities of the oncology service in Ukraine” for 2012–2022.
Results. Considerable attention to the spread of skin oncology in the Zhytomyr region (which was significantly affected as a result of the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant) is caused by the fact that in 2022 it recorded the highest incidence rate of melanoma among all regions of Ukraine – 8.56 cases per 100.000 population. Zhytomyr region ranks 7th in the ranking of regions in terms of the incidence of non-melanoma skin neoplasms. It was established that during the studied period, the incidence of melanoma in Ukraine decreased by 21.3 %, and in the region it increased by 52.8 %. The general and regional dynamics of the incidence of other skin neoplasms is positive, but the regional incidence rate exceeds the average Ukrainian rate by 49 %. Mortality of the population from malignant neoplasms with a positive trend of decrease in the Zhytomyr region exceeds the level of mortality in Ukraine from all neoplasms by 24.7 %, from melanoma – by 26.6 %, from other skin neoplasms – by 8.5 %. The main indicators of providing medical care to cancer patients are characterized by relative stability. The availability of oncologists in the region's population increased by 14.3 %, although only 42 % of the regionʼs oncologists have the qualification category.
Conclusions. The incidence of non-melanoma skin neoplasms in the population of Zhytomyr region has decreased over the last decade, while the incidence of melanoma has increased, the incidence rates exceed those in Ukraine. The incidence of melanoma and non-melanoma skin neoplasms has certain age-sex characteristics, the highest levels being characteristic of older men. The primary prevention of cancer remains relevant in view of the radiation pollution of some settlements in the region. The organization of medical care for cancer patients needs improvement, especially in the area of early detection of cancer diseases, improving the qualifications of medical personnel.
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