THE SPECIFICITY OF THE NATURAL MOVEMENT OF THE POPULATION OF UKRAINE IN 1991–2021 AS AN INDICATOR OF THE PROCESS OF RESTORATION OF HUMAN RESOURCES FOR THE ECONOMY AND ARMED FORCES OF UKRAINE
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11603/1681-2786.2023.1.13855Keywords:
population, quantity, natural movement, demographic transition, birth rate, mortality, natural increase, depopulation, human development strategies, economy, Armed ForcesAbstract
Purpose: to establish characterological features in the natural movement of the population of Ukraine over the 30 years of independence (1991–2021) as the main indicator of the process of restoring human resources for the economy and the Armed Forces of the state.
Materials and Methods. An epidemiological, one-time, continuous study was performed using biostatistical data from the database of the State Statistics Committee of Ukraine for 1991–2021, using the Microsoft Office Excel (2021) computer package for analysis and several scientific medical and biostatistical methods taking into account the principles of systematicity.
Results. It is argued that the natural movement of the population in the country during the period of 30 years of independence is characterized by such peculiarities as the "demographic crossroads" (1991), which is recognized by the obtained biostatistical data of the annual medial reduction in the number of births by М=-14320±120 episodes (1991 – Р=12.1 % and 2021 – Р=7.3 %) and an increase in the number of deaths (1991 – Р=12.9 % and 2021 – Р=18.5 %) with averaged, during each year, with an increase in the number of deaths by n=22663±151 cases, while the magnitude of natural increase among the population of the country in the observed period is negative and has a direction to increase according to Тincr by Р=10.3 (1991 – Р= -0.8 %, while in 2021 – Р=-11.2 %).
Conclusions. The findings conclusively demonstrate the presence of a demographic crossroads in the state of natural population movement and its harmful consequence – depopulation, which leads to a systematic decrease in the absolute number of people in society and a decrease in the processes of population reproduction (each subsequent generation is numerically smaller than the previous one!), which is why the “aging of the nation” is happening in Ukraine.
What is very relevant today in the issue of population reproduction is the uncompromising implementation of measures by ministries, other central bodies of executive power, regional, city-state administrations, and local self-government bodies based on the “Strategy of Human Development” (2021), where “strategic goal No. 1 is to improve the medical and demographic situation in Ukraine”, which, testifies to the priority attention of the state to the sphere of human development – as a direction of providing human resources for the economy and defense capability of the state.
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